~*Photography Originally Taken By: www.CrossTrips.Com Under God*~

 

Japanese Americans (日系アメリカ人, Nikkei Amerikajin?) are Americans of Japanese heritage. Japan is a western Pacific Ocean multi-archipelagic nation east of China in Asia. Japanese Americans are a subgroup of East Asian Americans, which is further a subgroup of Asian Americans. Okinawa, a former independent nation, was annexed by Japan in the late nineteenth century. Japanese Americans have historically been among the three largest Asian American communities, but in recent decades have become the sixth largest (at roughly 1,204,205, including those of mixed-race or mixed-ethnicity). In the 2000 census, the largest Japanese American communities were in California with 394,896, Hawaii with 296,674, Washington with 56,210, New York with 45,237, and Illinois with 27,702. Each year, about 7,000 new Japanese immigrants enter United States ports, making up about 4% of immigration from Asia; net migration, however, is significantly lower because some older Japanese Americans have been moving to Japan.

 

Cultural profile

 

Generations

 

Japanese Americans have special names for each of their generations in the United States. The first generation of immigrants, born in Japan or Okinawa before moving to the United States, is called Issei (一世). The second generation is Nisei (二世), third is Sansei (三世), fourth is Yonsei (四世) and fifth is Gosei (五世). The term Nikkei (日系) was coined by Japanese American sociologists and encompasses all of the world's Japanese immigrants across generations.

 

Languages

 

Issei and many Nisei speak Japanese or Okinawan in addition to English as a second language. In general, later generations of Japanese Americans speak English as their first language, though some do learn Japanese later as a second language. In Hawaii however, where Nisei are about one-fifth of the whole population, Japanese is a major language, spoken and studied by many of the state's residents across ethnicities. It is taught in private Japanese language schools as early as the second grade. As a courtesy to the large number of Japanese tourists (from Japan), Japanese subtexts are provided on place signs, public transportation, and civic facilities. The Hawaii media market has a few locally produced Japanese language newspapers and magazines, however these are on the verge of dying out, due to a lack of interest on the part of the local (Hawaii-born) Japanese population. Stores that cater to the tourist industry often have Japanese-speaking personnel. To show their allegiance to the U.S., many Niseis and Sanseis intentionally avoided learning Japanese. But as many of the later generations find their identities in both Japan and America, studying Japanese is becoming more popular than it once was.

 

Education

 

Japanese American culture places great value on education. Across generations, parents tend to instill their children with a deep value for higher education. As a result of such cultural ambition, math and reading scores on standardized tests often exceed national averages.[citation needed] They fill gifted classrooms and have the largest showing of any ethnic group in nationwide Advanced Placement testing each year.[citation needed]

 

Most Japanese Americans obtain advanced college degrees. Japanese Americans once again face stereotyping as dominating the sciences in colleges and universities across the United States, while in reality, there is an equal distribution of Japanese Americans across academic disciplines in the arts and humanities in addition to the sciences.

 

Intermarriage

 

Before the 1960s, the trend of Japanese Americans marrying partners outside their racial or ethnic group was generally low, as well a great many traditional Issei parents encouraged Nisei to marry only within their ethnic/cultural group and arrangements to purchase and invite picture brides from Japan to relocate and marry Issei or Nisei males was commonplace.[citation needed]

 

In California and other western states until the end of world war II, there were attempts to make it illegal for Japanese and other Asian Americans to marry whites or Caucasians, but those laws are declared unconstitutional by the US supreme court the same manner like anti-miscegenation laws prevented whites from marrying African-Americans in the 1960s.

 

According to a 1990 statistical survey by the Japan Society of America, the Sansei or third generations have an estimated 20 to 30 percent out-of-group marriage, while the 4th generation or Yonsei approaches nearly 50 percent. The rate for Japanese women to marry Caucasian and other Asian men is becoming more frequent, but lower rates for Hispanic and American Indian men (although the number of Cherokee Indians in California with Japanese ancestry is much reported), and with African-American men is even smaller.

 

During the WWII Internment era, the US Executive Order 9066 had an inclusion of orphaned infants with "one drop of Japanese blood" (as explained in a letter by one official) or the order stated anyone at least one eighth Japanese (descended from any intermarriage) lends credence to the argument that the measures were racially motivated, rather than a military necessity.

 

There were sizable numbers of Korean-Japanese, Chinese-Japanese, Filipino-Japanese, Mexican-Japanese, Native Hawaiian-Japanese and Cherokee-Japanese in California according to the 1940 US census whom were eligible for internment as "Japanese" to indicate the first stage of widespread intermarriage of Japanese Americans, including those who passed as "white" or half-Asian/Caucasian.

 

Religion

 

Japanese Americans (commonly) practice a wide range of religions, including Mahayana Buddhism (Jodo Shinshu, Jodo Shu, Nichiren, and Zen forms being most prominent) which is the majority, Shinto, and Christianity. In many ways, due to the longstanding nature of Buddhist and Shinto practices in Japanese society, many of the cultural values and traditions commonly associated with Japanese tradition have been strongly influenced by these religious forms.

 

A large number of the Japanese American community continue to practice Buddhism in some form, and a number of community traditions and festivals continue to center around Buddhist institutions. For example, one of the most popular community festivals is the annual Obon Festival, which occurs in the summer, and provides an opportunity to reconnect with their customs and traditions and to pass these traditions and customs to the young. These kinds of festivals are most popular in communities with large populations of Japanese Americans, such as in southern California or Hawaiʻi. It should be noted however, that many Japanese people both in and out of Japan are secular as Shinto and Buddhism is most often practiced by rituals such as marriages or funerals, and not through faithful worship, as defines religion for many Americans.

 

For Japanese American Christians, the church is one of the most important cultural foundations. In California, Hawaiʻi and Washington, congregations can be composed entirely of Japanese Americans. In the rest of the country they tend to be accepted in predominately white churches.

 

Celebrations

 

Japanese American celebrations tend to be more sectarian in nature and focus on the community-sharing aspects. An important annual festival for Japanese Americans is the Obon Festival, which happens in July or August of each year. Across the country, Japanese Americans gather on fair grounds, churches and large civic parking lots and commemorate the memory of their ancestors and their families through folk dances and food. Carnival booths are usually set up so Japanese American children have the opportunity to play together.

 

History

 

The history of Japanese Americans begins in the mid nineteenth century.

 

* 1841, June 27 Captain Whitfield, commanding a New England sailing vessel, rescues five shipwrecked Japanese sailors. Four disembark at Honolulu, however Manjiro Nakahama stays on board returning with Whitfield to Fairhaven, Massachusetts. After attending school in New England and adopting the name John Manjiro, he later became an interpreter for Commodore Matthew Perry.

 

* 1850, seventeen survivors of a Japanese shipwreck were saved by the American freighter Auckland. They became the first Japanese people to reach California. In 1852, the group was sent to Macau to join Commodore Matthew Perry as a gesture to help open diplomatic relations with Japan. One of them, Joseph Heco (Hikozo Hamada) went on to become the first Japanese person to become a naturalized US citizen.

 

* 1861 The utopian minister Thomas Lake Harris of the Brotherhood of the New Life visits England, where he meets Nagasawa Kanaye, who becomes a convert. Nagasawa returns to the US with Harris and follows him to Fountaingrove in Santa Rosa, California. When Harris leaves the Californian commune, Nagasawa became the leader and remained there until his death in 1932.

 

* 1869, A group of Japanese people arrive at Gold Hills, California and build the Wakamatsu Tea and Silk Colony. Okei becomes the first recorded Japanese woman to die and be buried in the US.

 

* 1890, The first wave of Japanese immigrants arrives to provide labor in Hawaiʻi sugarcane and pineapple plantations, California fruit and produce farms.

 

* 1893 The San Francisco Education Board attempts to introduce segregation for Japanese American children, but withdraws the measure following protests by the Japanese government.

 

* 1900s, Japanese immigrants begin to lease land and sharecrop.

 

* 1902, Yone Noguchi publishes the The American Diary of a Japanese Girl, the first Japanese American novel.

 

* 1907, Gentlemen's Agreement between United States and Japan that Japan would stop issuing passports for new laborers.

 

* 1908, Japanese picture brides enter the United States.

 

* 1913, California Alien Land Law of 1913 ban Japanese from purchasing land; whites threatened by Japanese success in independent farming ventures.

 

* 1924, United States Immigration Act of 1924 banned immigration from Japan.

 

* 1930s, Issei become economically stable for the first time in California and Hawaiʻi.

 

* 1941, Japan air force attacked Honolulu; U.S. Federal government arrests Japanese community leaders.

 

* 1942, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs Executive Order 9066 on February 19, uprooting Japanese Americans on the west coast to be sent to Internment camps.

 

* 1943, Japanese American soldiers from Hawaiʻi join the U.S. Army 100th Battalion arrive in Europe.

 

* 1944, Ben Kuroki became the only Japanese-American in the U.S. Army Air Force to serve in combat operations in the Pacific Ocean theater of World War II.

 

* 1944, U.S. Army 100th Battalion merges with the all-volunteer Japanese American 442nd Regimental Combat Team.

 

* 1945, 442nd Regimental Combat team awarded 18,143 decorations, including 9,486 Purple Hearts, becoming the most decorated military unit in United States history.

 

* 1959, Daniel K. Inouye becomes the first Japanese American in Congress.

 

* 1962, Minoru Yamasaki is awarded the contract to design the World Trade Center, becoming the first Japanese American architect to design a supertall skyscraper in the United States

 

* 1963, Daniel K. Inouye becomes the first Japanese American in the US Senate.

 

* 1965, Patsy T. Mink becomes the first woman of color in Congress.

 

* 1971, Norman Y. Mineta elected mayor of San Jose, California; becomes first Asian American mayor of a major US city.

 

* 1974, George R. Ariyoshi becomes the first Japanese American governor in the State of Hawaiʻi.

 

* 1976, Samuel Ichiye (S. I.) Hayakawa of California and Spark Matsunaga of Hawaiʻi become the second and third Japanese American US Senators.

 

* 1978, Ellison S. Onizuka becomes the first Asian American astronaut. Onizuka was one of the seven astronauts to die in the 1986 Space Shuttle Challenger disaster.

 

* 1980, Congress creates Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians to investigate World War II unjust policies against Japanese Americans.

 

* 1983, Commission reports that Japanese American internment was not a national security necessity.

 

* 1988, U.S. President Ronald Reagan signs the Civil Liberties Act of 1988, apologizing for Japanese American internment and providing reparations of $20,000 to each victim.

 

* 1992, Kristi Yamaguchi becomes the first Japanese American to win an Olympic Gold medal, in women's figure skating.

 

* 1994, Mazie K. Hirono becomes the first Japanese immigrant elected state lieutenant governor.

 

* 1996, A. Wallace Tashima becomes the first Japanese American appointed to the United States court of appeals, in the Ninth Circuit.

 

* 1998, Chris Tashima becomes the first Japanese American (American-born) actor to win an Academy Award (Visas and Virtue).

 

* 1999, Gen. Eric Shinseki becomes the first Asian American U.S. military chief of staff.

 

* 2000, Norman Y. Mineta becomes the first Asian American appointed to the U.S. Cabinet, working as Commerce Secretary (2000-2001) and Transportation Secretary (2001-2006).

 

Immigration

 

People from Japan began migrating to the U.S. in significant numbers following the political, cultural, and social changes stemming from the 1868 Meiji Restoration. Particularly after the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, Japanese immigrants were sought by industrialists to replace the Chinese immigrants. In 1907, the "Gentlemen's Agreement" between the governments of Japan and the U.S. ended immigration of Japanese workers (i.e., men), but permitted the immigration of spouses of Japanese immigrants already in the U.S. The Immigration Act of 1924 banned the immigration of all but a token few Japanese.

 

The ban on immigration produced unusually well-defined generational groups within the Japanese American community. Initially, there was an immigrant generation, the Issei, and their U.S.-born children, the Nisei. The Issei were exclusively those who had immigrated before 1924. Because no new immigrants were permitted, all Japanese Americans born after 1924 were--by definition--born in the U.S. This generation, the Nisei, became a distinct cohort from the Issei generation in terms of age, citizenship, and English language ability, in addition to the usual generational differences. Institutional and interpersonal racism led many of the Nisei to marry other Nisei, resulting in a third distinct generation of Japanese Americans, the Sansei. Significant Japanese immigration did not occur until the Immigration Act of 1965 ended 40 years of bans against immigration from Japan and other countries.

 

The Naturalization Act of 1790 restricted naturalized U.S. citizenship to "free white persons," which excluded the Issei from citizenship. As a result, the Issei were unable to vote, and faced additional restrictions such as the inability to own land under many state laws.

 

Japanese Americans were parties in several important Supreme Court decisions, including Ozawa v. United States (1922) and Korematsu v. United States (1943). Korematsu is the origin of the "strict scrutiny" standard, which is applied, with great controversy, in government considerations of race since the 1989 Adarand Constructors v. Peña decision.

 

In recent years, immigration from Japan has been more like that from Western Europe: low and usually related to marriages between U.S. citizens and Japanese (usually Japanese women), with some via employment preferences. The number is on average 5 to 10 thousand per year, and is similar to the amount of immigration to the U.S. from Germany. This is in stark contrast to the rest of Asia, where family reunification is the primary impetus for immigration. Japanese Americans also have the oldest demographic structure of any non-white ethnic group in the U.S.; in addition, in the younger generations, due to intermarriage with whites, non-whites, and other Asian groups, part-Japanese are more common than full Japanese, and it appears as if this physical assimilation will continue at a rapid rate.

 

Internment

 

During WWII, an estimated 120,000 Japanese Americans and Japanese residing in the United States were forcibly interned in ten different camps across the US, mostly in the west. The internments were based on the race or ancestry rather than activities of the interned. Families, including children, were interned together.

 

For the most part, the internees remained in the camps until the end of the war, when they left the camps to rebuild their lives in the West Coast. Several Japanese Americans have started lawsuits against the U.S. government regarding what they perceive as a wrongful internment. The lawsuits have dragged on for decades.

 

World War II Service

 

Many Japanese Americans served with great distinction during World War II in the American forces. The 442nd Regimental Combat Team/100th Infantry Battalion is one of the most highly decorated unit in U.S. military history. Composed of Japanese Americans, the 442nd/100th fought valiantly in the European Theater. The 522nd Nisei Field Artillery Battalion was one of the first units to liberate the prisoners of the Nazi concentration camp at Dachau. Hawaiʻi Senator Daniel K. Inouye is a veteran of the 442nd. Additionally the Military Intelligence Service consisted of Japanese Americans who served in the Pacific Front.

 

Redress

 

In the U.S., the right to redress is defined as a constitutional right, as it is decreed in the First Amendment to the Constitution.

 

Redress may be defined as follows:

 

* 1. the setting right of what is wrong: redress of abuses.

* 2. relief from wrong or injury.

* 3. compensation or satisfaction from a wrong or injury.

 

Reparation is defined as:

 

* 1. the making of amends for wrong or injury done: reparation for an injustice.

* 2. Usually, reparations. compensation in money, material, labor, etc., payable by a defeated country to another country or to an individual for loss suffered during or as a result of war.

* 3. restoration to good condition.

* 4. repair. (“Legacies of Incarceration,” 2002)

 

The campaign for redress against internment was launched by Japanese Americans in 1978. The Japanese American Citizens’ League (JACL) asked for three measures to be taken as redress: $25,000 to be awarded to each person who was detained, an apology from Congress acknowledging publicly that the U.S. government had been wrong, and the release of funds to set up an educational foundation for the children of Japanese American families. Under the 2001 budget of the United States, it was also decreed that the ten sites on which the detainee camps were set up are to be preserved as historical landmarks: “places like Manzanar, Tule Lake, Heart Mountain, Topaz, Amache, Jerome, and Rohwer will forever stand as reminders that this nation failed in its most sacred duty to protect its citizens against prejudice, greed, and political expediency” (Tateishi and Yoshino 2000). Each of these concentration camps was surrounded by barbed wire and contained at least ten thousand forced detainees.

 

Life under United States policies before and after World War II

 

Like most of the American population, Japanese immigrants came to the U.S. in search of a better life. Some planned to stay and build families here in the states, while others wanted to save money from working stateside to better themselves in the country from which they had come. Before the Attack on Pearl Harbor, Japanese residents experienced a moderate level of hardship that was pretty typical for any minority group at the time.

 

Farming

 

Japanese Americans have made significant contributions to the agriculture of the western United States, particularly in California and Hawaii. Nineteenth century Japanese immigrants introduced sophisticated irrigation methods that enabled the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, and flowers on previously marginal lands.

 

While the Issei (1st generation Japanese Americans) prospered in the early 20th century, most lost their farms during the internment. Although this was the case, Japanese Americans remain involved in these industries today, particularly in southern California and to some extent, Arizona by the areas' year-round agricultural economy, and descendants of Japanese pickers who adapted farming in Oregon and Washington state.

 

Japanese American detainees irrigated and cultivated lands nearby the World War II internment camps, which were located in desolate spots such as Poston, in the Arizona desert, and Tule Lake, California, at a dry mountain lake bed. Due to their tenacious efforts, these farm lands remain productive today.

 

Politics

 

Japanese Americans have shown strong support for candidates in both political parties. Leading up to the 2004 U.S. Presidential Election, Japanese Americans narrowly favored Democrat John Kerry by a 42% to 38% margin over Republican George W. Bush.

 

Neighborhoods and communities

 

The US west coast

 

* Central Valley, California region:

o Bakersfield, California

o Fresno, California

o Merced, California

o Stockton, California

o Butte County, California

o Sutter County, California

* Hawaii, where a quarter of the population is of Japanese descent.

* Los Angeles, California, includes the Little Tokyo section

* Monterey County, California, especially Salinas, California

* Sacramento, California, as well Florin, California

* San Diego, California

* San Francisco, California, notably the Japantown section.

* San Francisco Bay Area, the main concentration of Nisei and Sansei in the 20th century:

o Alameda County

o Contra Costa County

o San Mateo County

o San Jose, California

o Walnut Creek, California, located east of Oakland, California

* Santa Barbara, California

* Santa Cruz County, California

* Santa Rosa, California

* Seattle, Washington

* Bellevue, Washington

* Tacoma, Washington

* Portland, Oregon

* Willamette Valley, Oregon

* Yakima Valley, Washington

* Southern California has sporadic Japanese American communities:

o Anaheim, California and Orange County

o Fontana, California in the Inland Empire

o Pasadena, California in the Los Angeles' San Gabriel Valley

o Palm Desert, California, also the Japanese developed the year-round agricultural industries in the Coachella Valley and Imperial Valley

o Torrance, California in the Los Angeles' South Bay area

  

Outside the US west coast

 

* Arlington, Texas

* Boise, Idaho

* Boston, Massachusetts

* Chicago, Illinois

* Denver, Colorado, note Sakura Square

* Gallup, New Mexico, IN WWII the city fought to prevent the internment of its 800 Japanese residents.

* Las Vegas, Nevada

* New York City, New York

* Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

* Phoenix, Arizona

* Southern Arizona, part of the "exclusion area" for Japanese internment during WWII along with the Pacific coast states.

* Washington, DC

* Yuma County, Arizona

  

Notable individuals

 

After the Territory of Hawaiʻi's statehood in 1959, Japanese American political empowerment took a step forward with the election of Daniel K. Inouye to Congress. Inouye's success led to the gradual acceptance of Japanese American leadership on the national stage, culminating in the appointments of Eric Shinseki and Norman Y. Mineta, the first Japanese American military chief of staff and federal cabinet secretary, respectively.

 

Many Japanese Americans have also gained prominence in the arts and sciences. These include Minoru Yamasaki, architect of the World Trade Center, and Ellison Onizuka, the first Asian American astronaut and the mission specialist aboard Challenger at the time of its explosion. Poet laureate of San Francisco Janice Mirikitani has published three volumes of poems. Artist Sueo Serisawa helped establish the California Impressionist style of painting.

 

Japanese Americans first made an impact in Olympic sports in the late 1940s and in the 1950s. Harold Sakata won a weightlifting silver medal in the 1948 Olympics, while Japanese Americans Tommy Kono (weightlifting), Yoshinobu Oyakawa (100-meter backstroke), and Ford Konno (1500-meter freestyle) each won gold and set Olympic records in the 1952 Olympics. Konno won another gold and silver swimming medal at the same Olympics and added a silver medal in 1956, while Kono set another Olympic weightlifting record in 1956. Also at the 1952 Olympics, Evelyn Kawamoto won two bronze medals in swimming.

 

More recently, Eric Sato won gold (1988) and bronze (1992) medals in volleyball, while his sister Liane Sato won bronze in the same sport in 1992. Hapa Bryan Clay won the silver medal in the 2004 decathlon and was the sport's 2005 world champion. Apolo Anton Ohno won five Olympic medals in short-track speed skating (two gold) in 2002 and 2006, as well as a world cup championship.

 

In figure skating, Kristi Yamaguchi won three national championships (one individual, two in pairs), two world titles, and the 1992 Olympic Gold medal. Rena Inoue took first place in the 2004 and 2006 U.S. Figure Skating Championships Pairs competition. Mirai Nagasu won the 2008 U.S. national championship at the age of 14.

 

In distance running, Miki (Michiko) Gorman won the Boston and New York City marathons twice in the 1970s. A former American record holder at the distance, she is the only woman to win both races twice, and is the only woman to win both marathons in the same year.

 

In professional sports, Wataru Misaka broke the NBA color barrier in the 1947-48 season, when he played for the New York Knicks. Misaka also played a key role in Utah's NCAA and NIT basketball championships in 1944 and 1947. Lindsey Yamasaki was the first Asian American to play in the WNBA and finished off her NCAA career with the third-highest career 3-pointers at Stanford University.

 

Hikaru Nakamura became the youngest American ever to earn the titles of National Master (age 10) and International Grandmaster (age 15) in chess. In 2004, at the age of 16, he won the U.S. Chess Championship.

 

Japanese Americans now anchor TV newscasts in markets all over the country. Notable anchors include Tritia Toyota, Adele Arakawa, David Ono, Kent Ninomiya, and Lori Matsukawa.

 

George Takei (of Star Trek fame) and Pat Morita (Happy Days) helped pioneer acting roles for Asian Americans while playing secondary roles on the small screen during the 1960s and 1970s. Today, Masi Oka plays a prominent role in the NBC series Heroes and Grant Imahara appears on the Discovery Channel series MythBusters.

 

Notable Japanese American musicians include singer, actress and Broadway star Pat Suzuki, rapper Mike Shinoda of Linkin Park and Fort Minor, guitarist James Iha of Smashing Pumpkins fame, singer, voice actress and Japanese expatriate Mari Iijima, Shodo Artist, J-Poet, Gravure Idols and BURN Flame Miki Ariyama and famous J-pop superstar Hikaru Utada

UPDATE: somebody at flickr (marissa?) put the notes back on! Now you can mouse over all the details in a photo for more info. Thanks marissa! Now go back to google where you did a great job.

 

Marissa Mayer ruined Flickr so you can't see all the helpful overlaid transit notes on the photo anymore. petitions.moveon.org/sign/change-flickr-back

 

Watch your phones. www.infoworld.com/welcome-san-francisco-heres-where-the-c...

 

Don't pay panhandlers to go away. Most panhandlers aren't homeless, most homeless aren't panhandlers. Homeless people are usually invisible, hiding, in line seeking services and often mentally ill and not in treatment. Panhandlers are usually just career income supplementers and very much housed in subsidized Tenderloin Hotels, not shelters.

 

On Google Maps desktop or Android (not available on iPhone) click the BLUE BUS STOP ICONS at intersections for a list of bus and train lines at that stop and the scheduled times they arrive!

 

SAVE THESE LINKS ON YOUR PHONE!

 

BART is only a regional train to airports.

whereisbart.com

 

MUNI is only in the city, their buses are numbers, their trains are letters.

 

They are separate systems with individual stations mostly, but they share 4 stations on one stretch of Market Street at the following 4 stops: Embarcadero (near Ferry Building where Market starts/ends at the water) Montgomery (financial district) Powell (tourist/shopping/crackhead area) and Civic Center (government, library and crackheads)

 

The best "how many live, actual, NOT-schedule, GPS based minutes till X bus/train picks up at THIS stop?" MUNI app for ANDROID (don't know about Apple) is:

play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=info.yasskin.droidm...

 

Click the dots on the maps below. They are bus/train stops. They will tell you when it's coming and in which direction.

 

Hit the museums along Golden Gate Park and continue to the Ocean restaurants with the 5 bus from Market & Powell

www.nextbus.com/predictor/publicMap.shtml?a=sf-muni&r=5

 

Italian Town restaurants and nightlife (North Beach) along Columbus (and the Prisidio!) can be accessed by going downtown to Market & Drumm and catching the 41 Union in front of the Hyatt www.nextbus.com/predictor/publicMap.shtml?a=sf-muni&r=41

 

Go to the Zoo (not advised, it's just ok) on the L train and the Haight Ashbury district (or the ocean or Golden Gate Park) on the N train. Both from Market & Powell

www.nextbus.com/predictor/publicMap.shtml?a=sf-muni&r...

 

See the naked people at Castro or the tourist traps at Fisherman's Wharf on the F train (aka F line, F and train letters are case sensitive below)

www.nextbus.com/predictor/publicMap.shtml?a=sf-muni&r=F

 

Or express underground to the Naked People at Castro with any K, L, M train.

 

Take the T 3rd train to the Ballpark and genetic tech & university campuses renovating the old industrial area but watch your phone south of 16th.

www.nextbus.com/predictor/publicMap.shtml?a=sf-muni&r=KT

 

Watch a beautiful sunset by hiking to the top of Twin Peaks by taking the 37 bus from Castro to Crestline & Vista Lane then hiking up the hill.

www.nextbus.com/predictor/publicMap.shtml?a=sf-muni&r=37

 

Take in a relaxing no-hike view of the city and a watch everybody sunning & picnicking on Sunday in Dolores Park by taking the J train from downtown to Church & 20th or continue a few blocks to restaurants and cute homes on 24th in Noe Valley with the J train

www.nextbus.com/predictor/publicMap.shtml?a=sf-muni&r=J

 

Cable cars are expensive one way. Get unlimited rides with a MUNI 1,3 or 7 day pass at some Walgreens and the silver outdoor kiosk at Market & Powell which also covers MUNI buses and trains. The Powell/Hyde line is the most interesting of the 2 that run on Powell. California Line west of Powell will take you to Huntington Park and the apartment filmed in Vertigo. East of Powell is Chinatown. If you're in a long line at the endpoints, walk up a couple blocks and hop on quicker :) www.sfcablecar.com/routes.html

 

If you're in line underground at Powell for a clogged south/outbound MUNI train, just go NORTH/inbound a couple stops to Embarcadero and wait for a fresh empty seat train to turn around :) POR stands for Powell Right (outbound/south) and POL stands for Powell Left (inbound/north) Double Train Letters (JJ or LL) mean 2 cars connected. This is the overhead TV display on the platforms: www.sfmunicentral.com/sfmunicentral_Snapshot_Objects/Muni...

 

The ONLY two MUNI buses that run OUTSIDE the city are the SAT/SUN ONLY 76x to Marin Headlands north of the Golden Gate Bridge (highway 101) and the 7days a week 108 to Treasure Island off the Oakland Bay Bridge (highway I-80) which IS actually part of San Francisco.

 

76 is easiest caught at Powell & Sutter. On the Marin side lets you see incredible mountains with an incredible view of San Francisco and then a quiet beach at the terminus. Bus runs every hour, last inbound to the city is 6:30pm! Miss that and you're STRANDED. There is a hostel nearby though, but only stay on SATURDAY so you can catch the SUNDAY bus back. www.sfmta.com/getting-around/transit/routes-stops/76x-mar...

 

108 starts downtown at the Transbay Terminal next to the Dry Cleaners on Beale. The 5, 38 & 71 can get you there from Powell. The 108 lets you see the former military base on a quick 30 minute loop from beginning to end. You can get off at the main gate and take photos of the city, which offers an incredible view. Also at the gate is the original art deco round building in Indiana Jones that was used for the 1939 world expo on Treasure Island before it was all demolished to build the base in WWII. www.nextbus.com/predictor/publicMap.shtml?a=sf-muni&r...

 

Color footage from the expo!

www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaInmsZe5Fs

Photos from the expo:

www.google.com/search?q=1939+treasure+island+exposition&a...

  

Amtrak trains don't come directly into city, but their free shuttle buses from Oakland Jack London Square and Emeryville do. Save BART fare and take a shuttle from the Ferry Building, Hyatt/Embarcadero, Powell/Westfield Mall or Caltrain/4th & King dixielandsoftware.net/Amtrak/status/StatusMaps/

 

Lastly, Caltrain is just a commuter train from SF to Silicon Valley & San Jose. But it connects at SJ to the 17 bus which goes over the mountains to Santa Cruz!

www.caltrain.com/stations/systemmap.html

www.scmtd.com/media/bkg/20143/sched/rte_17.pdf

 

FOR MUNI: Call 311 free from pay phones or from your cell while in SF. Ask live operator "what bus to I take to get to X?" and "what time is the next outbound Y coming to such and such intersection?"

 

FOR ALL OTHER TRANSIT AGENCIES: call 511 or use www.511.org

 

UBER is a terrible company all the way around. Bad to it's riders, drivers and press who tries to investigate it. SideCar and Lyft are much better and cheaper and offer live phone support in emergencies like valuables left in the car. Uber doesn't.

 

If you MUST drive, get the rentalcars.com app pickup is cheaper at the airport. Never book downtown or at the counter. Or get citycarshare or zipcar app but register weeks in advance. Same with bayareabikeshare.com app.

 

Support the SFBC Bikes On Board campaign to allow more bikes on Caltrain. It's cheaper than subsidized parking lots and feeder buses or more lanes of concrete.

www.sfbike.org/?caltrain_bob

 

More tips below! Add your own!

The KOM League

Flash Report

for

July 12, 2019

  

Christmas for 2018 came to an end on July 10, 2019. That is the date my Christmas present from the family name drawing pool concluded. I had been given subscriptions to a couple of Internet newspaper sites.

 

With the time drawing near the conclusion I decided to insert the names of some former KOM leaguers. A couple of names appeared who had left this world in the previous seven months and other items appeared that were of special interest regarding the early lives of some former players.

 

For a very long time my wife and I have subscribed to Ancestry.com and I recently located a section in that forum that heretofore I was unaware. The “new find” was the U. S. Baseball Questionnaires from 1945 through 2005. I was aware of those documents for Bill Weiss shared many of them with me. For those of you who subscribe to Ancestry.com you might find those old files interesting.

 

One thing that was quickly obvious is that the fellows filling them out “cheated” a bit on their real age. Most of the fellows wanted to appear younger, especially those returning from WW II. The reason was simple, they wanted a chance at playing professional baseball. With few exceptions they all listed their goal as being able to play major league baseball. One fellow stated it in an unique manner by saying “I want to attend the day they have for me, in about 20 years, at the Polo Grounds.” Another, more realistic young man had as his goal “Just being able to get out of Class D.”

 

After spending some time in those old files I came across some items, again, of which I was aware many years ago. It may not be obvious, in my writings, but I’m a bit partial to one team. That being the Carthage Cubs and the 1951 team in particular. They were burdened with putting up with a batboy that wasn’t the brightest light in the firmament.

 

In researching some of those names I came across the high school career of a fellow from Oshkosh, Wisconsin, a catcher, who teamed with a pitcher, who hurled one of the most fabulous games ever, at any level. That pitcher signed with the Detroit Tigers and the catcher would have as well had he been given the chance to play professionally in 1950. When the Tigers wouldn’t agree to that the catcher signed with the Cubs and would become one of the guys I got to know and like in 1951 and the feeling still remains 68 years after the fact.

 

So, this report, which was initially intended to be just a listing of some basic trivia items, turned into much more. While looking at the career of the catcher of the Carthage Cubs for part of 1950 and all of 1951 a decision was made to check on the rest of the surviving members of that team.. Unfortunately, when pulling up the name of John David Mudd, one of the top pitchers on that club out of Lane Technical High School, in Chicago, I discovered he passed away in Mesa, Arizona on June 6th of this year. Quickly, that information was shared with the surviving members of the 1951 Carthage team, with whom I have access. Within a short time feedback was being received and some of that is shared in this report.

 

In looking at the 1951 Carthage roster it seems like a long time ago in some respects and like last week in other ways.

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Donald Louis Gebbs Obituary

 

Obituary for Donald Louis Gebbs

 

Donald Louis Gebbs, age 86, of Oneonta passed away on Friday, April 19, 2019. He was a minor league pitcher in the Pittsburg Pirates Organization and a member of the First Baptist Church of Oneonta.

 

Mr. Gebbs is preceded in death by his parents, John and Corinne Gebbs; his son, Donald Louis Gebbs, Jr.; sisters, Ione Gebbs, Norma Gebbs, and Lynn Gebbs; and his brothers, John Gebbs, Jr. and Clyde Gebbs. Survivors include his wife, Penny Gebbs; daughter, Shelley Bausch (William); step-daughters, Phyllis Lawrence, Donna Turner (Rick), and Sherri Zeigler (Joey), and step son, Dwain Lawrence (Patricia); grandchildren, Eric Bausch (Samantha), Brian Gebbs, Kurt Gebbs, and Lauren Gebbs Lewis; great grandchildren, Grayson Gebbs, Gabriel Gebbs, Connor Lewis, Keegan Lewis, Hastings Hayden Bausch, and Elodie Starr Bausch; step grandchildren, Scott Herda, Ethan Nichols, Korbin Nichols, and Wesley McDowell (Danielle); step great grandchildren, Erika Herda, Kaylee Herda, Isabella Herda, Emily McDowell, Megan McDowell, and Drew McDowell; and sister, Eunice Stevens.

 

Services for Mr. Gebbs will be held at 11 AM on Tuesday, April 23, 2019 in the Chapel of Lemley Funeral Home. The family will receive friends at Lemley Funeral Home from 10 AM until service time on Tuesday, April 23, 2019. In Lieu of flowers, the family asks donations be made to the American Heart Association or to the First Baptist Church of Oneonta.

 

To send flowers or a memorial gift to the family of Donald Louis Gebbs please visit our Sympathy Store.

 

Ed comment:

 

When Don Gebbs showed in mid-season, of 1951, with the Bartlesville Pirates he was a “one of a kind.” He was the only lefty on the pitching staff. Bartlesville had some good right handers in Ronnie Kline and Donny Cochran but was short of portside help. The Harvey, Louisiana native had played a lot of amateur baseball in New Orleans and in the process had hurled a few no-hitters.

 

The early 1950’s wasn’t the best time to enter professional baseball and Gebbs was limited to brief appearances in the Evangeline league before Uncle Sam came calling. He didn’t play after the Korean War concluded.

 

One of the better photos in the book, “The KOM League Remembered,” is found on page 102. It is of Gebbs in his pitching form. He and his first wife attended some of the KOM league reunions before she passed away. For a few years nothing was heard from Gebbs. On Father’s Day of 2014 a call was received from the “new” Mrs. Gebbs and she inquired if it would be possible to meet her and Don at a local motel.

 

My wife sensing a good way to get me out of the house told me to go see them. They were traveling between Iowa and Alabama and gave me the honor to meet the new Mrs. Gebbs and the old Lefty. It was a pleasurable time together and we parted ways. Father’s Day of 2014 is the last time I have met face-to-face with a former KOM leaguer.

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Former Ponca City Dodger pitcher from Panoka, Alberta, Canada

 

The following link is for extra reading credit and will not be covered in the final exam which will be forthcoming and without warning. Anyone flunking the test will be required to remain on the mailing list for this report, indefinitely.

 

www.canadiancattlemen.ca/2010/08/09/ralph-vold-launchesth... Ralph Nassen “Whitey” Vold.—1952 Ponca City Dodgers.

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The Life of John H Gilbert Sr.-- www.remembermyjourney.com/Memorial/17783663

 

John H. Gilbert, Sr., 87, a longtime resident of Prospect Park, Pa., passed away peacefully on December 9, 2017 at Crozer-Keystone Hospice Residence at Taylor Hospital surrounded by his loving family. John was born in Glenolden, Pa., the son of the late George and Effie Gilbert. He was a resident of Prospect Park for over 60 years.

 

He was a 1949 graduate of the former Glen-Nor High School, where he was a star pitcher on the high school baseball team. He was signed to a professional baseball contract right out of high school with the Pittsburgh Pirates. His contract was sold to the Brooklyn Dodgers and he played AA baseball for them in Mobile, Alabama. He played pro-baseball from 1949 to 1953. John worked as a machinist for Gulf Oil for many years until his retirement.

 

He married his high school sweetheart, Joyce Kahlert, and they were married for 69 wonderful years. He will be remembered as a loving husband, father, grandfather, and great-grandfather, who was devoted to his family.

 

John is survived by his loving wife, Joyce; his sons, John Gilbert, Jr., Glenn K. (Laurie) Gilbert, and David (Patty) Gilbert; his four grandchildren; his three great-grandchildren; and his brother, George Gilbert.

 

His burial will be in Arlington Cemetery in Drexel Hill, Pa.

 

In lieu of flowers, contributions made in John's memory to Crozer-Keystone Hospice Residence at Taylor Hospital, 175 E. Chester Pike, Ridley Park, Pa. 19078 would be appreciated by his family.

  

Ed note:

 

Mr. Gilbert played in the Pittsburgh chain in 1949 at Keokuk, Iowa, Bartlesville, Okla. in 1950 and Butler, Penn. in 1951. He was then purchased by the Brooklyn Dodgers and spent three seasons at Asheville, N. C. in the Tri-State league.

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Death of another member of 1951 Bartlesville Pirates

 

In searching for the current status of a former KOM leaguer here is what was found.

RICHARD MICHAEL "DICK" SUTTER --Sep 9, 1930 - Nov 14, 2018

 

OKLAHOMA CITY— Sutter, Richard Michael "Dick:" 88, died Nov. 14. Private services (Mercer-Adams, Bethany). Share your memories of Richard Michael "Dick" Sutter on social media:

 

Ed comment:

From that terse obituary listing in the newspaper I decided to “Share my memories” regarding Richard Michael Sutter. He was born on 9/9/1930 Tulsa, OK. There are many stories about his baseball prowess as an American Legion pitcher going back to 1946. His Tulsa team took on the Mosier Tire company team, from Oklahoma City, in the Oklahoma State American Legion tournament and Sutter was the losing pitcher. The pitcher for the Oklahoma City was Tom Sturdivant. www.google.com/search?q=tom+sturdivant&oq=Tom+Sturdiv...

 

During the rest of his high school days at Will Rogers High School, in Tulsa, Sutter was a top flight American Legion hurler. In 1947 he wore #13 on his jersey and also “wore out” opposing batsmen by tossing three no-hitters. That year the Tulsa American Legion team went to the regional tournament at Davenport, Iowa where a perennial power from St. Louis, Mo., the Stockham Post team didn’t hit Sutter either. That St. Louis team had a second baseman who went to the National Baseball Hall of Fame. However, he went as a manager, not a player, and that was, Earl Weaver.

 

Just out of high school, Sutter married in 1948 and then entered professional baseball in 1949 with New Iberia, Louisiana and Tallahassee, Florida. He compiled a 7-18 combined record and was on his way to Class C the next year with Oil City, Penn. and Hutchinson, Kansas where he had a combined record of 5 wins and the same number of losses.

 

Then came 1951 and Sutter’s “big chance.” He was sent to the Bartlesville Pirates and it was loaded with pitching, mostly right handers. In nine appearances he won five and lost three and had was in the top 10 in earned run average. His career appeared to be on track for advancement but along came the Korean War and at the age of 21 he was in more demand by Uncle Sam than he was by organized baseball.

 

For the record he pronounced his last name as “Sutt-er” not like Bruce of big league fame who pronounces his as “Suit-er.”

 

To see a photo of Dick Sutter there is one in “The KOM League Remembered” book published by Arcadia. It is located on page 107 and he is in the back row, second from far right wearing a big smile and spectacles.

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Trivia found in many sources

 

•

 

Nicholas Louis Najjar. Played for two KOM league teams from 1946-48 and umpired in the KOM league in 1950. Until this past week I only had his middle initial on my database. Nick was a real interesting guy and he and his wife Anne were the last people to travel the Central Artery in Boston. It was once known as the “Highway in the Sky.” To prove Nick wasn’t kidding me back in 2003 and to let the readers know that “some” effort was put forth in preparing this report here is the story. archive.boston.com/news/local/articles/2003/12/21/drivers...

•

Norbert Bauers—Pitched briefly for the Blackwell, Okla. Broncos in 1952. Later became a Police Captain for Broward County, Florida out of Ft. Lauderdale. - Biggest headline of his police career was when he ran over a black panther on the Alligator Alley, in the dead of night. Bauers was a Pittsburgh, Pa. native but lived many years in Clover and Wagram, North Carolina.

•

John Michael Roth—Ponca City. Signed by Bert Wells off the Holdrege, Nebraska amateur team. He was born April 12, 1934 making him being one of the youngest former KOM leaguers known to mankind. His questionnaire sent to Bill Weiss had been typed and they erroneously listed his place of birth as Aurora, Illinois. That was half right. He was born in same town but in Colorado.

 

Roth was the subject of a Sporting News article in late 1952 which stated there were two John Roth’s on the same Ponca City team. That wasn’t the case. I discussed that with John Michael Roth and my old friend and book editor (Majoring in The Minors), Bob Dellinger and they have convinced me there was only one Roth on that club. Dellinger was the long time sports editor of the Ponca City News before taking up his position at the Oklahoma City Oklahoman. He was also one of the prime movers to establish the wrestling hall of fame in Stillwater, Oklahoma.

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Finally, figured it out.—Donald Wagner.

 

For a third of my life, time and effort (very little) has been expended in an attempt to identify a name on my Bartlesville 1948 database -- Don Wagner. He was a “one game wonder” for that team.

 

In recent days, with the help of the U. S. Baseball Questionnaires, I began looking at some clues and figured out the person was Donald Theodore Wagner who was born Dec. 30, 1928 in Flint, Michigan.

 

Following a short-lived KOM league career Wagner was headed to Santa Rosa, California where he had a good year as a rookie joining with another rookie by the name of Vernon Law. www.google.com/search?q=vernon+law+baseball&oq=Vernon...

 

In 1949 Wagner was sent back east to Hutchinson, Kansas of the Western Association and when that didn’t work out he was back in Class D ball with Mt. Vernon, Ill. of the Mississippi-Ohio Valley league. At the mid-point of the 20th century Wagner was playing at Yuma, Arizona and in 1951 split his time between the Yuma and El Centro, Calif. clubs. By that time he had established his residence in Laverne, California and stayed in that state until passing away on March 14, 2004 in San Bernardino.

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Article from a loyal follower of this report

 

I thought you'd be interested in this minor league baseball article I wrote for Oklahoma Today magazine.

 

www.oklahomatoday.com/history-culture/diamond-dogs

 

I hope all is well. Greg Echlin

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Former KOM leaguers who still are a mystery:

 

For lack of evidence to the contrary I still believe some former KOM leaguers are still living. Any help in contacting these guys would be welcomed or in the case of death where they were living at the time.

•

Salvatore John Campagna.—Born Nov. 21, 1931 in Omaha, Nebraska. He was a third baseman for the 1950 Bartlesville, Okla. Pirates. He was living in San Carlos, California by 1953 and my best efforts at being a bloodhound leads me to think he is still in that neck of the woods, assuming they have any trees. San Mateo might be where he pitches his tent these days.

•

Willis Frank Carruth Jr. was born September 22, 1922 in Bosqueville, Texas. He has lived in a number of towns in the Lone Star State, the last one being McKinney. However, every attempt at locating him, over the past quarter century, has failed to generate any response. He was a member of the 1948 Bartlesville Pirates.

•

William R. Waggener—Born 10/20/1923 in Beardstown, Illinois. He joined the Army on June 6, 1942. After WW II he was signed by the St. Louis Browns and sent to Pittsburg, Kansas. He played for both Pittsburg and Bartlesville in 1946 and then was with Bartlesville once again, in 1947.

 

Until recently his middle name was just “R” to me. In looking at the U. S. Baseball Questionnaires it revealed his middle name is Ruel. In searching the Internet for Ruel Waggener it was learned that was his father’s first name. When the elder Waggener passed away, in the 1980’s, his obituary listed a son, Ruel, as living in Peoria. Thus, I’m confident William Ruel Waggener is in a Peoria Nursing home and is pressing the century mark in regard to birthdays.

 

•

James Parker Williams was a pitcher in the Pittsburgh Pirate chain starting in 1949. For a short time in 1950, he was with the Bartlesville Pirates. He was listed as being from McRae, Arkansas in the Bartlesville papers. He was born January 3, 1931. He is either living or the Social Security Number I have on file for him is incorrect. This fellow has been a real enigma for me and conferring with “real” baseball historians has not led me any closer to determining his whereabouts or fate.

 

•

Donald Anthony Bussan was born June 13, 1931 in Jersey City, New Jersey to parents with the last name of Bussanich. He played for the 1951 Bartlesville Pirates and passed away on June 28, 2002. He had received his Social Security card in California but his place of death has eluded me.

 

Bussan played at Eugene, Oregon as well as Bartlesville in 1951. He played at Brunswick, Georgia in 1952 and then took some time off to serve in the Army. He came back to professional baseball in 1954 and played for Lubbock, Texas. In 1955 he left for the “Land of the Rising Sun. He played for the Tombo Unions in the Japanese Pacific league where he was a .220 hitter but tied for the team lead in homers with two other players by hitting six.

 

Well, that is a quick summary of some questions still bugging me about former KOM leaguers. If anyone wants to chime in feel free so to do.

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The passing of John David Mudd—Carthage Cubs 1951.

B. 4/22/1932—D. 6/16/2019

 

This note was sent to some of the surviving members of the 1951 Carthage Cubs

 

“Guys, I was trolling this Internet this afternoon and was shocked to find the notice of the death of your old teammate, John Mudd. I was going to send along his obituary but this is all I could find. www.dignitymemorial.com/zh-cn/obituaries/mesa-az/john-mud...

 

For some reason the lack of detail doesn't surprise me. Hope the rest of you are doing well. Kathy, I don't know if sharing this with Leonard would mean anything to him or not. Anyway, wanted to let all the known living 1951 Carthage Cubs, with whom I have contact, know about Mudd.”

 

The living members of the 1951 Carthage Cubs are: Don Biebel, Fred Bade, Bernie Tomicki, Jim Conroy, Wayne Baker, Dick Gintert, Orville Jacobs, Bill Eastburn, Leonard Vandehey, Walt Babcock and Len Bourdet. From that list I have regular to sporadic contact with five of them. I heard from two of them regarding Mudd’s passing.

 

•

Walt Babcock’s reply:

 

JOHN, I LOOKED UP JOHN ONCE WHILE I LIVED IN CHICAGO. NEVER DID AGAIN.

 

Don Biebel’s reply:

 

Thanks John, sorry to hear this, I loved John as did all of his teammates. My condolences to his family.

 

A short time later:

 

John: just a follow up to let you Biebel is hanging in there. Feeling good with the exception. Of a severe case of neuropathy in my feet and hands. Walk around like a drunk trying to stay on my feet. Had to give up golf but I keep busy. I collect cigar bands now and have over 57,000 in my collection. Yeah, I turned into a nerd. Hope you're well and even though you don’t hear from me I love your updates and look forward to seeing them although there is far too many obits these days. Take care, John and thanks again for the info on John (Mudd)

 

Ed reply:

 

Good hearing from you. In the last few days I have read a lot about your high school days with Billy Hoeft. That game where he struck out every batter must have been quite an experience. Of course, you had to be responsible for calling such a good game.

 

Do you have any special memories from that game? I read where the Detroit Tigers were after you as well.

 

Nothing wrong with being a nerd. Always good hearing from you.

 

Biebel’s reply:

 

Yeah the Tigers wanted to sign me for 51 and I was not about to wait until then. Wanted to get my feet wet right away. The Hoeft game was something else and it was against a pretty good team but he was something else. www.google.com/search?q=billy+hoeft+baseball&oq=Billy...

 

We ended up together again when he joined the Cubs in 64 or 65. Did you know my senior class in HS had three us make the majors, Bill as a pitcher, me as an official and Dutch Rennert as an umpire? Take care John and keep doing what you're doing you're loved

 

Ed reply:

 

Now that you mention it I do recall your telling me about Rennert.

 

Just think how your journey in life would have been changed had you signed with the Tigers. For sure you would have missed the bright lights of Carthage and the "dim bulb" batboy who fetched the drinking cup from the bottom of the water pail.

 

Closing remarks:

 

John Mudd was a graduate of Lane Technical High School in Chicago. He was not only a good pitcher but he was a magnate to a few of the Carthage “bobby soxer’s” and some of my buddies who admired his baseball smarts. This note came from one of my “bestest” friends. “Johnny: Johnny Mudd was very kind to us as kids, spent quite a bit of time talking to us. Somewhere, probably in a very old shoe box, I have a picture of him at Muny Park. If I ever find it I will send it to you. Thanks for telling me about his passing. One of my early Class D heroes -- and you know what? They meant as much as most of the big leaguers I've met. -- Corky Simpson

 

P.S. I once interviewed ____ _____ in the ______ clubhouse. He was naked and eating linguine. True story. Other players came and went as if, heck, nothing strange about this. Truth be told, the clubhouse is THEIR house and if you're there, you're a guest, a visitor or a trespasser. But they can be gross, just the same.”

 

Ed comment:

 

Just to protect my friend I expunged the name of the famous guy and the team he represented who ate in the nude during an interview. I read that note to my wife and her remark was “There is something wrong with that guy.” My wife never met the guy, but I have. I think my wife was spot on in her remark.

 

John Mudd was another of those guys who had it before his military service and not after it concluded. He was 14-8 at both Carthage and Sioux Falls, SD in 1951-52. He then went into to service and pitched for Ft. Chaffee, Ark. during 1953-54. After returning to professional baseball he pitched in the Sally, Three-I and Pioneer leagues in 1955-56 and compiled a 10-12 record before returning to his native Chicago and working many years for the city. In his latter years he moved to Arizona.

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Well, sports fans it’s time to bring another “action packed” edition of the KOM League Flash Report to a conclusion. Yes, it will retain that title due to the “great outpouring” of support for it to not got through a name change. Great outpouring, in this instance was 1%. That is how many of the readers cast their vote for either change or retain the status quo. That kind of “support” has and will cause many in the presidential sweepstakes for 2020 to step aside. Do you think maybe the readership is sending along a message?

 

China is a likely winner of the information age supply chain through ecommerce

 

Peace and Ecommerce, A Global Systems View

 

Attending a required Masters class “Policy, Law, and Ethics in Information Management” it was only ethical to admit that I worked three months drafting and publishing policy documents for Microsoft, which was now our current class assignment, to research Web based privacy policies and other related documents such as terms of use, conditions of use, code of conduct and learn more about them, with a diary of examples in the wild, and related materials.

 

The educational idea is that we would then be able to contribute meaningfully to creating policy statements and understand their underlying implications to end users and companies. But I had already done this work professionally, so it would be of questionable value for me to do the coursework on the same topic as if I had never done it before.

 

The instructor of the class, Glenn Von Tersch assigned me to present information on freedom of speech, a topic I fell in love with, and wanted to research more. But for my final research, I needed something else.

 

One of my favorite things to discuss in job interviews, or with anyone in earshot, is that I believe that the networked spread of ecommerce over the Web, filtering into even the poorest nations will aid in understanding through communication; that ecommerce leads to peace. In effect I believed that ecommerce contributes in a direct way to peace because it provides the fuel to grow and maintain the Internet. Also it seemed obvious that people and countries that are invested in and perform transactions with each other are less likely to go war against their own interests. Von Tersch said, “These topics you are interested in have more research value than freedom of speech, because 1st amendment rights have been heavily legislated, written about, and researched.” He mentioned something called “The McDonald’s Effect”, how having a McDonald’s outlet or franchise appears to contribute to peace between countries. So peace and ecommerce became my topic.

 

What I did not expect to discover is in human society war is considered the norm and peace the exception. I did not expect to learn about how ugly the 3rd world poverty creating monster of WTO became according to one economist, even though I live in Seattle where the initial protests were. I was surprised to know how Reganomics theory hangs on, like an old B-grade movie on late night TV, because someone somewhere in the supply chain makes money. I did not expect to find that privacy and intellectual rights are so tightly interwoven, or how they relate to conflict, security, potential world dominance and growth.

 

I had no way to guess that I would enjoy the study of economics – statistical, yes, nicely so, but dull no; as a global topic it is juicy-rotten, full of international spies, botched security, with rogue pirate computer chips, and unintended consequences.

 

Who can accurately predict how patterns of global economics relate to peace, privacy, property rights, policies and their outcome in the one breath away from today, the next 20-40 years? Who would think that China - the nation, McDonalds - the corporation, and Chicago crack dealers and their foot soldiers share so much in common when you view their information through these fascinating multi-dimensional facets?

 

One must be educated to search effectively for information. My knowledge about the nature of search is not just intellectual knowledge; this is conditionalized through my own experience of failure to produce relevant search results within massive library databases.

 

My education began with a simple query on the Web “peace + ecommerce” which returned from Google “Theses on the Balkan War,” by Mike Haynes, from the International Socialism Journal, “Capitalism is inherently a competitively expansionist and therefore conflict-ridden system” , effectively laying the blame for war on the US and Western capitalist nations and on anyone claiming to be fighting a war with good intentions. I read it, thinking I would not see this relate to my project – also surprising very similar material was presented in the global economic books I read later.

 

As mentioned the pursuit of ‘education justifies anything’, like looking at any results, so I also clicked on an article entitled “Dinosaur Extinction linked to change in Dinosaur Culture” I read it, and it made sense that something like author Daniel Quinn’s theory of “The Law of Limited Competition” is an operant factor in global markets today, with war being genocide, and countries struggling to win economically laying waste to the very place they live. A notable example is Beijing, the air pollution capital of the world struggling to host the Olympic Games this year. I stored that URL for future reference. The theory and the reality imply that in the race to catch up and compete in global economics, the Chinese are killing themselves off before they arrive at their desired goal.

 

Then I queried in several of the University of Washington interconnected and extensive library databases on the same thing “peace + ecommerce” and found in all of them, zero returns, “0 Results”. My teacher was surprised and advised me to extrapolate and offer conjecture on what was likely, if few sources were available. I notified a friend studying economics who emailed related articles. Very frustrated I tried related queries and turned up articles on the economies of war . How perverse, I thought. I contacted a librarian through the online tool and chatted with her, explaining my quest. She suggested I query on “economics and public policy”. “How is public policy related to peace and ecommerce?” I asked. “Try Conflict Resolution” she replied.

 

Thus the reason I couldn't find 'peace' is because the term used, in educated facet writers’ metadata which is designed to expose information to search, is 'conflict resolution' or ‘conflict prevention’. Oddly the social implication is that war is the norm. Maybe peace doesn’t exist anywhere. A reason I used 'ecommerce' instead of 'global economics' is due to consulting in that field for technology firms. Searching again returned few meaningful results -- the user interface was strange, very slow, and clunky. I longed for Google .

 

Then I remembered the “McDonald's Effect” our teacher mentioned, and quickly I located a reference on the Web, but it was deeply nested in a staggering number of oddly worded articles. I stopped without uncovering where the concept originated. The next night I searched again, and found the author Thomas Friedman and his related books. I briefly scanned all the related Wikipedia articles. I realized quickly that to become educated enough on my two topics, I had to some understanding of economics. This is because even to scrape by enough to search among the many interrelated topics one needs to know the central facet. Very esoteric topics require specialized language and deep knowledge of the subject.

 

More searches turned up substantial evidence that China lags behind other nations in ecommerce.

 

For years I worked in ecommerce designing interfaces (for Microsoft 2003 and Amazon 2007-2008), and working with supply chain software (as a director of an ecommerce company). But because I didn't realize that one could understand it better, and that it is not as dull as computer science and its requisite cash register receipts , I never tried.

 

The "McDonald's Effect" is named after "The Golden Arches Theory of Conflict Prevention" created by the author Thomas Friedman's slightly in cheek comments and his book, “The Lexus and the Olive Tree” (the update now titled "The Lexus and the Olive Tree: Understanding Globalization").

 

Those books led me to order Amazon ecommerce overnight book delivery, and I read, 'The World Is Flat?: A Critical Analysis of New York Times Bestseller by Thomas Friedman', 'Freakonomics: A Rogue Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything' , 'Making Globalization Work' which reports that there is hope in the world for peace. The Nobel Prize winning author helps the reader extrapolate based on significant knowledge of statistics and global economic analysis through his personal, professional, and academic connections.

 

Common Name Academic Name Book Title

 

McDonalds Effect Golden Arches Theory of Conflict Prevention,

 

aka democratic peace theory Lexus and the Olive Tree

 

Dell Theory The Dell Theory of Conflict Prevention The World is Flat, A Brief History of the Twenty-First Century

 

peace conflict prevention

 

ecommerce global economics

 

"In his book, The Lexus and the Olive Tree, Thomas L. Friedman proposed The Golden Arches Theory of Conflict Prevention, observing that no two countries with a McDonald's franchise had ever gone to war with one another, a version of the democratic peace theory."

 

"The Dell Theory stipulates: No two countries that are both part of a major global supply chain, like Dell's, will ever fight a war against each other as long as they are both part of the same global supply chain."

 

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Readings

 

The World Is Flat 3.0: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century by Thomas Friedman

 

Larry Page, Google Co-Founder quoted by Thomas Friedman, p. 179, entire paragraph. “The more global Google’s user base becomes, the more powerful a flattener it becomes…”

 

From Friedman’s conversation with Google’s director of operations in China, Kai-Fu Lee, p. 181 entire paragraph ”In time individuals will have the power to find anything in the world at any time on all kinds of devices – and that will be enormously empowering.”

 

The Quiet Crisis, entire pages 368, 369, chapter on research in China, beating out American innovation in research. “The Chinese government gave Microsoft the right to grant post-docs.” “They work through their holidays because their dream is to get to Microsoft.”

 

“What are those?” She said the researchers get them from Microsoft every time they invent something that gets patented. How do you say Ferrari in Chinese.”

 

p. 370 “… whether we are going to implement or China is going to beat us to our own plan.” Council on Creativeness, regarding the Innovate America report, comment to Friedman by Deborah Wince-Smith.

 

Introduction p. X, Thomas Friedman, “Of course the world is not flat. But it isn’t round anymore either. I have been using the simple notion of flatness to describe how more people can plug, play, compete, connect, and collaborate with more equal power than ever before – which is what is happening in the world. … the essential impact of all the technological changes coming together in the world today. … My use of the word flat doesn’t mean equal (as in ‘equal incomes’) and never did. It means equalizing.”

 

The Lexus and the Olive Tree: Understanding Globalization by Thomas Friedman

 

Forward to the Anchor Edition, Thomas Friedman, “… my Golden Arches Theory – that no two countries that both have McDonald’s have ever fought a war again each other since they each got their McDonald’s.”

 

p. 7 “When I say that globalization has replaced the Cold War as the defining international system, what exactly do I mean?”

 

p. 8 “The cold war system was symbolized by a single word, the wall … “You can’t handle the truth,” Says Nickleson. “Son we live in a world that has walls…”

 

p. 8 “This Globalization system is also characterized by a single word: the Web. … we have gone from a system built around divisions and walls to a system built around integration and webs.”

 

p. 19 “What is information arbitrage? Arbitrage is a market terms. Technically speaking, it refers to the simultaneous buying and selling of the same securities, commodities or foreign exchange in different markets to predict from unequal prices and unequal information. The successful arbitrageur is a trader that knows…”

 

Chapter 3, p. 29. The Lexus and the Olive Tree

 

Photo: Jerusalem, December 29, 1998: Simon Biton places his cellular phone up to the Western Wall so a relative in France can say a prayer at the holy site. (Photo: Menahem Kahana, Agence France-Presse) [caused my spontaneous tears]

 

p. 47 “advertising jingle “Let us put a bank in your home” … office … newspaper … bookstore … brokerage firm … factory … investment firm … school in our homes.”

 

The World Is Flat?: A Critical Analysis of New York Times Bestseller by Thomas Friedman by Ronald Aronica and Mtetwa Ramdoo

 

Freakonomics [Revised and Expanded]: A Rogue Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner

 

Chapter 5 “Why do Drug Dealers Still Live with Their Moms?” p. 89 “So how did the gang work? An awful lot like most American businesses, actually, though perhaps none more so than McDonald’s. In fact, if you were to hold a McDonald’s organizational chart and a Black Disciples org chart side by side, you could hardly tell the difference.”

 

p. 46 “There is a tale, “The ring of Gygnes,” … could any man resist the temptation of evil if he knew his acts could not be witnessed?”

 

p. 58 “Attendance at Klan meetings began to fall … of all the ideas Kennedy thought up to fight bigotry, this campaign was clearly the cleverest. … He turned the Klan’s secrecy against itself by making its private information public: he converted heretofore precious knowledge into ammunition for mockery.”

 

Making Globalization Work by Joseph E. Stiglitz

 

My favorite – the entire book was used to write this paper.

 

Web Resources

 

Please view attached Appendix www.crito.uci.edu/pubs/20... regarding the reasons one study concludes that hold China back in ecommerce.

 

[1] Waiting until the time is right, one is good at something, or has collected all the facts, without making any attempts isn’t effective. I had to begin someplace even if it is incomplete so I started with the World Wide Web. “If something is worth doing well, at all, it is also worth doing poorly.” I am not sure where that quote came from but I read it in an article where someone presented their reasoning.

 

[2] You never know where something will come from in free rights actions or what it will mean later. For example the person at the center of the Alaskan “Bong hits For Jesus” case, Frederick Morse, now teaches English to Chinese students in China. As an adult it appears he has his head on straight in his wish to help others communicate, more so that those he fought in court.

 

From the CNN news article, published June 26, 2007, “In dissent, Justice John Paul Stevens said, "This case began with a silly nonsensical banner, (and) ends with the court inventing out of whole cloth a special First Amendment rule permitting the censorship of any student speech that mentions drugs, so long as someone could perceive that speech to contain a latent pro-drug message." He was backed by Justices David Souter and Ruth Bader Ginsburg.” www.cnn.com/2007/LAW/06/2... downloaded March 13, 2008

 

[3] Pentagon attack last June stole an "amazing amount" of data” Joel Hruska Published: March 06, 2008 - 07:13PM CT Pentagon attack last June stole an "amazing amount" of data... from “blueton tips us to a brief story about recent revelations from the Pentagon which indicate that the attack on their computer network in June 2007 was more serious than they originally claimed. A DoD official recently remarked that the hackers were able to obtain an "amazing amount" of data.

 

We previously discussed rumors that the Chinese People's Liberation Army was behind the attack. “CNN has an article about Chinese hackers who claim to have successfully stolen information from the Pentagon.” Quoting Ars Technica: "The intrusion was first detected during an IT restructuring that was underway at the time. By the time it was detected, malicious code had been in the system for at least two months, and was propagating via a known Windows exploit. The bug spread itself by e-mailing malicious payloads from one system on the network to another." Via email from Jeremy Hansen on Slashdot: News for nerds, stuff that matters

 

[4] “Chinese backdoors "hidden in router firmware" Matthew Sparkes, News [Security], Tuesday 4th March 2008 3:17PM, Tuesday 4th March 2008 Chinese backdoors "hidden in router firmware"... The UK's communication networks could be at risk from Chinese backdoors hidden in firmware, according to a security company.

 

SecureTest believes spyware could be easily built into Asian-manufactured devices such as switches and routers, providing a simple backdoor for companies or governments in the Far East to listen in on communications.

 

"Organisations should change their security policies and procedures immediately," says Ken Munro, managing director of SecureTest. "This is a very real loophole that needs closing. The government needs to act fast."

 

"Would they buy a missile from China, then deploy it untested into a Western missile silo and expect it to function when directed at the Far East? That's essentially what they're doing by installing network infrastructure produced in the Far East, such as switches and routers, untested into government and corporate networks."

 

Late last year MI5 sent a letter to 300 UK companies warning of the threat from Chinese hackers attempting to steal sensitive data. Reports at the time suggested that both Rolls Royce and Royal Dutch Shell had been subjected to "sustained spying assaults".

 

The issue has been debated by government for some time. In 2001, the then foreign secretary Robin Cook, warned that international computer espionage could pose a bigger threat to the UK than terrorism.

 

[5] Chip Piracy Might End With Public Key Cryptography. A Web Exclusive from Windows IT Pro Mark Joseph Edwards, Security News, InstantDoc #98491, Windows IT Pro “A group of researchers from two universities have proposed a way to prevent chip piracy. The technique uses public key cryptography to lock down circuitry.

 

In a whitepaper published this month, Jarrod A. Roy and Igor L. Markov (of the University of Michigan) and Farinaz Koushanfar (of Rice University) outline the problem and details of how their proposed technology will help solve it.

 

Chip designers sometimes outsource manufacturing and that opens the door to piracy, should someone copy the design plans. The copied plans are then used to created 'clone' chips for a wide range of devices, including computers, MP3 players, and more.

 

"Pirated chips are sometimes being sold for pennies, but they are exactly the same as normal chips," said Igor Markov, associate professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the University of Michigan. "They were designed in the United States and usually manufactured overseas, where intellectual property law is more lax. Someone copies the blueprints or manufactures the chips without authorization."

 

The groups propose the use of public key cryptography, which would be embedded into circuitry designs. Each chip would produce its own random identification number, which would be generated during an activation phase. Chips would not function until activated, and activation would take place in a manner somewhat similar to that seen with many applications in use today. Via email from Jeremy Hansen.Original source - EPIC: Ending Piracy of Integrated Circuits Jarrod A. Roy, Farinaz Koushanfar‡ and Igor L. Markov, The University of Michigan, Department of EECS, 2260 Hayward Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2121, Rice University, ECE and CS Departments, 6100 South Main, Houston, TX 77005 www.eecs.umich.edu/~imark... March 06, 2008

 

[6] Chapter 5 “Why do Drug Dealers Still Live with Their Moms?” p. 89 “So how did the gang work? An awful lot like most American businesses, actually, though perhaps none more so than McDonald’s. In fact, if you were to hold a McDonald’s organizational chart and a Black Disciples org chart side by side, you could hardly tell the difference.”

 

[7] Mike Haynes, Theses on the Balkan War, “Capitalism is inherently a competitively expansionist and therefore conflict ridden system” Issue 83 of INTERNATIONAL SOCIALISM JOURNAL Published Summer 1999 Copyright © International Socialism, pubs.socialistreviewindex... accessed March 3, 2008.

 

[8] Readings p.7 “When I say that globalization has replaced the Cold War as the defining international system, what exactly do I mean?” p. 8 “The cold war system was symbolized by a single word, the wall … “You can’t handle the truth,” Says Nicholson. “Son we live in a world that has walls…”p. 8 “This Globalization system is also characterized by a single word: the Web. … we have gone from a system built around divisions and walls to a system built around integration and webs.”

 

“What is information arbitrage? Arbitrage is a market term. Technically speaking, it refers to the simultaneous buying and selling of the same securities, commodities or foreign exchange in different markets to predict from unequal prices and unequal information. The successful arbitrageur is a trader that knows…”

 

[9] Shared by miles on Feb 13, 2006 3:39 pm that I located through a Gmail...

 

[10] “As it gears up to host the 2008 Olympic Games Beijing has been awarded an unwelcome new accolade: the air pollution capital of the world.Satellite data has revealed that the city is one of the worst environmental victims of China's spectacular economic growth, which has brought with it air pollution levels that are blamed for more than 400,000 premature deaths a year” Satellite data reveals Beijing as air pollution capital of world

 

[11] “What we call ‘war’ is not all bad,” according to Virginia Johnson a former governmental planning consultant, who reminded me, “Without conflict there is no life. You don’t want 'perfect peace' there is no movement. The human standard is actually what we broadly call 'war'; because without conflict, change, motion, growth we would learn nothing, we would have nothing, we would be dead.” Personal conversation, March 14, 2008, Seattle, Washington

 

[12] Readings Larry Page, Google Co-Founder quoted by Thomas Friedman, p. 179, entire paragraph. “The more global Google’s user base becomes, the more powerful a flattener it becomes…”

 

[13] Ranganathan, faceted classification, Five Laws of Library Science, S. R. Ranganathan - Wikipedia, www.boxesandarrows.com/vi... Personality, Matter, Energy, Space, and Time. (PMEST)

 

Personality—what the object is primarily “about.” This is considered the “main facet.”

 

Matter—the material of the object

 

Energy—the processes or activities that take place in relation to the object

 

Space—where the object happens or exists

 

Time—when the object occurs

 

[14] www.crito.uci.edu/pubs/20...

 

[15] I learned about supply chain management mainly from the supply chain wizard Marc Lamonica, Regional Chief Financial Officer at Sutter Connect, Sutter Shared Services, and our mutual friend Web entrepreneur and ecommerce product engineer Adam Kalsey, and Sacramento State University teacher Stuart Williams, of Blitzkeigsoftware.net, <a href="http://blitzkriegsoftware.net/St..." blitzkriegsoftware.net/St...

 

[16] Introduction to Computer software classes in the 1970s consisted of FORTRAN cash register receipt programming, which is by implication is what ecommerce actually does.

 

[17] Freakonomics is a must read book of comedy and connections.

 

[18] Golden Arches, definition on Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Golden Arches - Wikipedia, accessed March 13, 2008

 

[19] Readings “The World Is Flat 3.0: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century” by Thomas Friedman, p. 421

 

[20] Readings p. 19 “What is information arbitrage? Arbitrage is a market term. Technically speaking, it refers to the simultaneous buying and selling of the same securities, commodities or foreign exchange in different markets to predict from unequal prices and unequal information. The successful arbitrageur is a trader that knows…”

 

[21] “Conservation groups say acid rain falls on a third of China's territory and 70% of rivers and lakes are so full of toxins they can no longer be used for drinking water.” Satellite data reveals Beijing as air pollution capital of world, Jonathan Watts in Beijing The Guardian, Monday October 31 2005, Satellite data reveals Beijing as air pollution capital of world

 

[22] “…After watching Jobs unveil the iPhone, Alan Kay, a personal computer pioneer who has worked with him, put it this way who has worked with him, put it this way: "Steve understands desire." ... Fortune CNN Magazine March 5, 2008, http://money.cnn.com/2008/03/02/......

 

accessed March 5, 2008

 

[23] Mac Margolis, “How Brazil Reversed the Curse, Latin America used to suffer the deepest gap between rich and poor. Now it is the only region narrowing the divide. Upwardly Mobile: Middle-class Brazilians” How Brazil Reversed the Curse NEWSWEEK Nov 12, 2007 Issue

 

[24] Mike Haynes, Theses on the Balkan War, “Capitalism is inherently a competitively expansionist and therefore conflict ridden system” Issue 83 of INTERNATIONAL SOCIALISM JOURNAL Published Summer 1999 Copyright © International Socialism, pubs.socialistreviewindex... accessed March 3, 2008. “The optimism that the end of the Cold War might lead to a new world order has been shown to be false. The hope that it would release a peace dividend that would enable a new generosity in international relations has been belied by experience, as some of us sadly predicted it would.3 Though the arms burden has declined, there has been no outpouring of aid to Eastern Europe, no new 'Marshall Plan'. The result has been that the burden of change has fallen on the broad masses of the population, wrecking lives across the old Soviet bloc in general and in one of its poorest components in south eastern Europe in particular. According to the World Bank, the number of people living in poverty (defined as having less than $4 a day) in the former Soviet bloc has risen from 14 million in 1990 to 147 million in 1998.4 Worse still, the advanced countries have continued to reduce further the miserly sums they devote to aid to the even poorer areas of the world. The OECD countries are rhetorically committed to an aid target of 0.7 percent of their output. In 1990 they gave 0.35 percent, and by 1997 the figure had fallen to 0.22 percent, with the United States under this heading giving 0.09 percent of its output, a figure in startling contrast to the expenditure devoted to destruction.”5

 

[25] Readings p. 46 “There is a tale, “The ring of Gygnes,” … could any man resist the temptation of evil if he knew his acts could not be witnessed?”

 

[26] Readings p. 58 “Attendance at Klan meetings began to fall … of all the ideas Kennedy thought up to fight bigotry, this campaign was clearly the cleverest. … He turned the Klan’s secrecy against itself by making its private information public: he converted heretofore precious knowledge into ammunition for mockery.”

 

Some of the research in this paper on piracy was provided by Jeremy Hansen of Seattle, Washington, USA. Mr. Hansen's email regarding economics served to inform me on this topic. Teacher: Glenn Von Tersch.

KOM Flash

Necrology Issue

August 22, 2015

 

In keeping with my pledge not to send out a Flash Report this week, I’m only stopping long enough to share the news of the passing of a shortstop for the 1948 Ponca City Dodgers and a pitcher for the 1949 Bartlesville Pirates. If you take time to read this report you’ll see where one former KOM leaguer got to meet and speak with two of the most influential figures of the 20th century and they both went to see him. There is even a photo of the KOM leaguer and the famous individual who dropped by his place of employment. That is on the Flickr site and that site is referenced in four different instances in this report. If you don’t enjoy the narrative of these reports you might like peering at the pictures. By clicking here it will start you out on viewing the photos of which there are four. www.flickr.com/photos/60428361@N07/20581106198/

_______________________________________________

In Memory of Kenneth L. Boyd

November 29, 1929 - August 17, 2015

obits.dignitymemorial.com/dignity-memorial/obituary.aspx?...

 

Obituary:

Kenneth L. Boyd was born in Lubbock, Texas on November 29, 1929, the only child of L.C. Boyd, Jr. and Eunice (Holcomb) Boyd. The family moved to California where his father worked in the aircraft industry in the 1930s and 1940s. Ken's passion was baseball, and he played for South Gate High School and several minor league ball teams, including the Santa Rosa Pirates. He graduated from South Gate High School in 1948 and at-tended Pepperdine College for one year.

 

He met Sarah Alice McCoy while working at the Northrup Aircraft plant in Hawthorne, California. They were married on December 19, 1950.

 

Ken served in the United States Air Force from October 1950 to August 1954, and was stationed in Albuquerque, New Mexico and then at RAF Brize Norton and RAF Lakenheath in England with the 4th Aviation Field Depot Squadron.

After leaving the Air Force, Ken returned to Texas and began farming with his father in Swisher County. Ken and Sally lived and farmed near Tulia for over 50 years, where they raised their two sons. In his later years he worked for the City of Tulia and the Swisher Electric Coop before moving to Lubbock where he lived at Cottage Village and battled Parkinson's disease.

 

Kenneth is survived by his wife, Sally, and his two sons, Blair Boyd (Lubbock, Texas) and Doug Boyd (Austin, Texas), four grandchildren (Brady Boyd, Bailey McCaslin, Lori Hill, and Jena Boyd), and three great grandchildren.

A memorial service will be held at 4:00 p.m. Thursday, August 20, 2015 in the Abbey Chapel of Resthaven Funeral Home.

Condolences and online guestbook can be found at www.resthavenfuneralhome.com

 

Ken served in the United States Air Force from October 1950 to August 1954, and was stationed in Albuquerque, New Mexico and then at RAF Brize Norton and RAF Lakenheath in England with the 4th Aviation Field Depot Squadron.

 

After leaving the Air Force, Ken returned to Texas and began farming with his father in Swisher County. Ken and Sally lived and farmed near Tulia for over 50 years, where they raised their two sons. In his later years he worked for the City of Tulia and the Swisher Electric Coop before moving to Lubbock where he lived at Cottage Village and battled Parkinson's disease.

 

Kenneth is survived by his wife, Sally, and his two sons, Blair Boyd (Lubbock, Texas) and Doug Boyd (Austin, Texas), four grandchildren (Brady Boyd, Bailey McCaslin, Lori Hill, and Jena Boyd), and three great grandchildren.

 

A memorial service will be held at 4:00 p.m. Thursday, August 20, 2015 in the Abbey Chapel of Resthaven Funeral Home.

Condolences and online guestbook can be found at www.resthavenfuneralhome.com

 

If anyone goes to that guestbook you’ll find that I sent condolences on behalf of the surviving members of the 1949 Bartlesville Pirates and myself. Locating Mr. Boyd took most of 20 years. After that lengthy search I found him living out his final years in the same place he was born. He had fond memories of his time in organized baseball but like most guys it didn’t last long enough due to military service. He started out in the Pirate chain in 1948 with Santa Rosa, California and the guy on that club who had the longest and most successful stretch in the professional game was Vernon Law.

 

Although the obituary didn’t give his middle name it was Lawson.

___________________________________________

Alexander Muirhead Jr.—Ponca City Dodgers

www.legacy.com/obituaries/sacbee/obituary.aspx?n=alexande...

 

Alex was born in Libertyville, Illinois on April 11, 1927 and passed away peacefully on August 15, 2015. Loving husband of Ginger Muirhead. Beloved father of Jim (Diane) and Marianne and step-father of Dennis (Jeanette) Swanson and Susan (Tim) Annear. He is also survived by several grandchildren & great grandchildren. He was preceded in death by his parents Alex Sr. and Ann Muirhead, brother Thomas Muirhead and stepson Brian Swanson. Alex enjoyed golf and bowling, but baseball was his first love. He played baseball through his younger years playing on leagues, high school and the American Legion, and he was also drafted by the Boston Red Sox. He was drafted into the Army in 1945 and after the war he played for the Brooklyn Dodgers organization in the KOM League. In February of 1952, he joined the CHP and retired after 31 years at the rank of Captain. Alex was also a member of SIR Branch 93 - Over the Hill Gang and the Elks Lodge #6. Friends are welcome to attend a memorial service on Friday, August 21, 2015, 10 am, at the East Lawn Memorial Park Chapel, 4300 Folsom Blvd., Sacramento, CA. The family wishes to thank the staff and doctors at Sutter Hospital and the ACC Nursing Home. The family request any donations to the CAHP Widows & Orphans Trust Fund. Arrangements by East Lawn Elk Grove Mortuary 916-732-2031. - See more at: www.legacy.com/obituaries/sacbee/obituary.aspx?n=alexande...

 

Muirhead was one of the former KOM leaguers who I got to know quite well. He contributed much to my early writing efforts with great stories, photos and even a billfold. To prove these aren’t idle statements I’m backing them up with evidence. The first piece of evidence is found on page 133 of my first “non-bestseller, Majoring in The Minors.” That book is no longer available but the photo was taken of him at his California Highway Patrol office at Culver City, CA in 1973.

Click here to see the photo: www.flickr.com/photos/60428361@N07/20581106198/

Click here to see the inscription on the back of the photo: www.flickr.com/photos/60428361@N07/20581130938/

If you click on first URL you’ll know immediately who the guy on the left is and from there you’ll deduce that the guy on the right is Captain Muirhead. What the photo doesn’t tell you and neither does my book if you happen to have it—is what prompted the impromptu visit. So here is the scoop. The guy who stopped by and eventually had his photo taken with Muirhead didn’t do so because he had heard the Highway Patrol Captain had once played for the mighty Ponca City Dodgers. As Muirhead told me when he gave me the photo “Dutch stopped by to use the restroom facilities.”

 

Muirhead had another visitor who came to visit a “real lawman” and to talk about guns. When that visitor left he handed Muirhead a pearl handle revolver. Muirhead told his visitor that he could not accept gifts. On the way out of the highway patrol office the visitor handed the gun to one of Muirhead’s officers. When the officer reported it to Muirhead he was told that the gun had to be returned. So, when the celebrity returned to the area some time later the officer went straight through security of the celebrity and pulled out the pearl handle revolver and said that he wasn’t allowed to accept gifts. That didn’t please Elvis Presley that a gift was returned. Alex told me that his officer never thought much about approaching Presley with that weapon on him. But, in that day, Presley had more security than the guy who visited Muirhead’s restroom in his role as California’s Governor—Ronald Reagan.

 

When a former KOM leaguer leaves this life I usually go the large three ring binders I have on each team. One of the things I came across that Muirhead had given me a couple of decades ago was a billfold. Most teams didn’t give their players anything for winning a pennant in the minor leagues but the Brooklyn Dodgers gave each player a gold ring that carried the name of the team, year and the league. (I own two of those. One each for the 1948 and 1951 pennant winning teams.) Inside the ring was the player’s name. Aside from that the Ponca City Dodgers gave each player a leather billfold, in 1948, with their name and team inscribed thereon. You can see that at this site: www.flickr.com/photos/60428361@N07/20581106198/

 

It had been a couple of decades since I had looked at that billfold. So, I decided to take another look at it today to see if Muirhead had left a dollar bill in it. What I saw when I opened the center section was a complete surprise. I had never seen it before—honest. It was difficult to photograph but I tried. If you click on this site take a look at it and tell me what it is: www.flickr.com/photos/60428361@N07/20582319709/ That poor lady hasn’t had a thing to wear in the past 67 years.

 

Most baseball researchers, upon reading my stories of former players, inquire as to whether the person had a nickname. Here is a quote from Majoring in The Minors. “Few players, when asked, will admit to as many nicknames as Muirhead does. Along with ‘Al’ and ‘Morefield,’ he also acknowledges ‘Dog-Biter.’…He tells how that nickname occurred. ‘In 1952, four or five fellow employees and I were at my residence, in Visalia, Calif., for a friendly, low stakes evening of poker. About 0230 hours, after everyone went home, I was emptying ashtrays, getting rid of the ‘empties’ and generally cleaning up. Our dog, a Chihuahua Toy Fox mix, was sleeping peacefully on a chair and I leaned over for some stupid reason to give him a good night pet. He uncoiled like a ‘rattler’ (snake that is) and bit my upper lip. In seconds it puffed up about three times its normal size. I spent the next two to three hours at Visalia Hospital getting my lip sewn back together. The dog survived. I went back to patrol duty with a patch on my lip, and had to do a lot of explaining.’”

One additional thing I can clear up for the baseball record books. Muirhead threw and batted from the right side.

________________________________________________

Attempting to uncover a middle name of a former KOM and big leaguer.

 

One of the best hitters in KOM history was a guy mostly known as R. T. Upright. He went back to Kannapolis, NC at the close of the 1947 season thinking he had won the KOM league batting title. However, in a review of the data it was discovered he had lost that title by the narrowest of margins, .0064, to a Johnny Mize look-alike, Miami’s Loren Packard. (Ed note: Someday I must share quite a profile written about the Helena, OK native in 1947.)

 

Upright played in the farm system of the Pirates through 1950 and then wound up in the Chicago White Sox and Cubs organizations before getting a shot in the big leagues at the tail end of 1953 when he wore the uniform of the St. Louis Browns long enough to get six plate appearances. . After that he played in the Pacific Coast, Southern Association and Western leagues before hanging it up and going home to work in the textile mills in his native North Carolina.

 

What goaded me into this article was the mention of the death of Kenneth Boyd. I was looking at some of the guys with whom he had played who went up in the Pittsburgh Pirate chain. The names included Vernon Law and Law’s name led to Gus Bell, Bill Hall and Al Grunwald. I looked at the roster of the 1947 Leesburg, Florida club and found some of those guys along with the name of Herman Upright. At that moment I was pretty sure I had found the name of one of R. T. Upright’s brothers. To make a long story short I was correct in my assumption and Herman was four years younger than R. T. I decided to check the regular sources to see if Herman might still be alive and since I found no record of his death, I began a trek through telephone directories. Within a few minutes I was speaking with Mrs. Herman (Phyllis) Upright. I told her I research old baseball teams and found where a Herman Upright had played for Leesburg, Florida and Landis, North Carolina in 1947. Her immediate response was “He had a brother we called “Dixie” who played baseball a long time.” I didn’t want to jump on to the subject of “Dixie’s” middle name quite yet and told her of Herman’s one year in baseball. She said I could speak with him but he might not remember too much due to what I call “The ravages of time.” Since that alerted me to the prospect that Herman might not be able to answer all my questions I then posed the $64 question to his wife. “What was R. T.’s middle name?” Mrs. Upright replied that she came into the family in 1951 and all that she had ever heard him called was “Dixie.” I then asked her if R. T.’s middle name could have been Theophilus. She paused and remarked “When Herman and I were first married I told him I was happy his parents didn’t name him after his father for his name was Gother Theophilus Upright.”

 

Of course, you can see where I’m going with this. I believe that R. T. “Dixie” Upright may well have been Roy Theophilus “Dixie” Upright. I still can’t prove it but I’m working on it.

When Herman Upright finally made it to the telephone he had some flashes of memory about his one year in professional baseball. The Pittsburgh Pirates signed both him and his brother at the same time, in 1947. Herman said he had been signed after success playing American Legion ball at Gastonia, NC. R. T. did everything left-handed and Herman hit and threw from the right side. During the 1947 season Herman batted the ball at a .147 clip at Leesburg, FL and Landis, North Carolina and big brother, R. T., hit .364 at Bartlesville, Oklahoma. Herman recalls that he was playing first base for Leesburg when the Pirates send a player down in which they had invested a lot of money and he grabbed most of the playing time. That player was Al Grunwald who had a long career even making it to the big leagues. Another pretty good member of the 1947 Leesburg ball club was a Pirate prospect who made his mark in baseball with the Cincinnati Reds, Gus Bell.

 

Shortly, into the 1947 season, Herman Lee Upright was released by the Pirates and he returned to his native Kannapolis, NC and landed a job with the Landis, NC Millers a team in the North Carolina State league which was only 10 miles from Kannapolis. In another KOM related connection, the first baseman at Landis was Warren Greenlee Sliter from Chicago. The St. Louis Browns took Sliter from that club and sent him to Pittsburg, Kansas where he played for the rest of that season and 1948 and stole the hearts of a few of the Pittsburg Browns female fans. Fifty years later I was getting calls from some of his admirers wanting to know (1) if he was still living and if so, (2) was he still married? The answer to both those questions were answered in the negative.

Now back to R. T. Upright. Did I get a definitive answer from his brother, Herman, about that middle name? The answer is “No.” However, there were many answers I didn’t get to other questions due to what I described earlier in this article as “The ravages of time.” Herman is now 86 and fondly recalls some of the highlights of a life that included a tour of duty in Korea and many years as a supervisor for the Canon Textile Company, the place that made many of the towels and wash rags for my generation.

 

And speaking of towels and wash rags I have finished yet another week of "tidying up" some aspects of former KOM leaguers. I could have gone further regarding the death of a former St. Louis Browns infielder who lived nearby and how his paths crossed that of two former KOM leaguers and the likes of Babe Ruth and Ty Cobb. The former Browns player, who passed away, was Bud Thomas and this is a link to his obituary: www.legacy.com/obituaries/sedaliademocrat/obituary.aspx?p...

 

If you read that obituary you’ll see his link to Cobb and Ruth. Thomas was a teammate with two young men who played in the Esquire East-West game in 1945 and later hopped on the train to the KOM league. One of those former KOM leaguers gave me the program from the 1945 game played at the Polo Grounds in New York. Some of the photos in that program might be good ones to share in a Flash Report, some day. And, maybe, like most of my reporting efforts, I’d get the big “ho-hum” with the statement “That old guy is still trapped in the mental time warp of his youth.” And, to that I’d plead GUILTY.

 

The KOM League

Flash Report

For

August 11, 2018

Or some time close to it!

 

This edition of the Flash Report is currently housed on the Flickr site at: www.flickr.com/photos/60428361@N07/43912376681/ The photo is one taken during the past week and required that I aim the camera and shoot fast.

 

This edition of the report pays tribute to three gentlemen who have passed away in recent days.

__________________________________________________________________________

Guerney M. "Gus" Freeman—Former Miami Owl passes away

 

The KOM League Remembered book, published in 2004, had four images on the front cover. On the left are two left-handed hitters and the other is of Mickey Mantle and his Baxter Springs Whiz Kid manager, Barney Barnett. These are classic photos and the one with the two left-handed batters was shared with me by Guerney Freeman. The two batters are Bernie Tye and Tom Tarascio who played for Miami, Okla. in 1948. Tye got to Miami about the same time Freeman joined the club after being sent down from Topeka. Tye wound up in Miami after slapping the Iola, Kansas owner in the face after the owner made a comment to him that didn’t sit well. That is another story that has been featured in at least one of my books and retold many times in KOM league periodicals. The photo of Tye and Tarascio was replicated some 50 years later at a KOM league reunion.

 

With that bit of introduction here is the obituary of Freeman.

 

www.legacy.com/obituaries/knoxnews/obituary.aspx?n=guerne...

 

Guerney "Gus" Freeman, 95, a native of Kingsport and resident of Colonial Heights, TN passed away peacefully on August 6, 2018, at Shannondale Health Care Center in Knoxville, TN.

 

He attended Dobyns-Bennet High School and played all sports. His hometown team of Borden Mill Village won the 1941 National Semi-Pro Baseball Congress tournament in Wichita, Kansas. Guerney went on to join the Navy, graduating from the U.S. Navy Hospital Corps, and served his country providing equipment testing at the Naval Proving Grounds in Dahlgren, VA during World War II.

 

Guerney attended the College of William and Mary. For what he considered the best 11 years of his life, he played baseball as a utility player for many minor league clubs in the Midwest region, culminating his career working for the Brooklyn Dodgers organization. Between seasons, he held other odd jobs including welding at TVA's John Sevier Fossil Plant, welding for General Motors prior to assembly line automation, and working at Bob Wood's Men's Shop in Kingsport, where he met his wife. Guerney later worked for Kraft Foods in their agricultural, retail, and institutional divisions winning many national sales awards before retiring at 67 as a Territory Manager. He enjoyed the game of golf and became a ranger at Warrior's Path State Park Golf Course for several years.

 

Guerney loved everything related to the sporting world and especially reminiscing. He enjoyed nature, talking about business, working around the house, and visiting with friends and family. He was an Elvis fan, danced to big band music, and was a fitness enthusiast. He was truly a "people person" and will be missed by all who knew him.

 

The family would like to recognize the staff of Shannondale Health Care Center for their extraordinary love and compassion during his time there.

 

Guerney was preceded in death by his wife, Alice Williams Freeman; parents, Marion and Texas Freeman; sister, Verna Freeman; and brother, Ernest and Parmer Freeman.

 

He is survived by his daughter, Carla Lewis and husband, Dennis of Powell, TN; sister, Christine Freeman; and several nieces and nephews.

 

In lieu of flowers, the family requests donations be made on his behalf to Holston United Methodist Home for Children, P.O. Box 188, Greeneville, TN 37744, phone 423-638-4171.

 

The family will receive friends on Saturday from 12:00 to 1:00 p.m. at Hamlett-Dobson Funeral Home, Kingsport. The funeral will follow at 1:00 p.m. at the funeral home. Burial will follow the service at Zion Methodist Church Cemetery, 6055 Horton Highway, Baileyton, TN with military rites by the American Legion Post 3/265.

Published in Knoxville News Sentinel on Aug. 10, 2018

 

Ed comment on obituary:

 

In 1941 the National Baseball Congress champion was the Enid, Oklahoma Champlin Oil team, not the Borden Mill team as cited in the obituary. Borden Mill wasn’t even the runner-up as that honor went to the Waco, Texas Dons. In fact, of all my source material I can’t find any information on that Borden Mill team being at the Wichita tourney. If anyone has a copy of the 1942 National Baseball Congress Yearbook, look up that item and let me know if you find anything. Don’t be confused for the bulk of the data for the year of the tourney was carried in the next year’s yearbook. That same thing applies to the Baseball Guides published for professional baseball.

 

Borden Mill was a textile factory where Freeman’s mother and father worked.

 

Guerney’s professional career: Started the 1948 season with Topeka of the Western Association and was sent to Miami on July 15 of that year. In 1949 he played at Rocky Mount and Roanoke Rapids, NC in the Coastal Plain league. In 1950 he was with Greenville, S. C. in the South Atlantic and Lancaster, PA of the Inter-State leagues. His last shot at the game was 1951 when he played for Elizabethton, TN in the Appalachian league.

 

***

 

Freeman’s high school baseball team 1940 Kingsport, TN

 

There is up to a five year discrepancy in Freeman's listed age, depending on the source. Some sources claim he was born in 1928 but as a matter of fact he was born in 1923. It took me a long time to get him to admit it. Most everyone knows the reason he wanted to be younger, so that a professional team would sign him after WW II. I can even find him as a 16 year old, in 1940 in a Kingsport High School annual with him on various athletic teams.

 

The following link shows him with his high school basketball team and is only accessible if you have an Ancestry.com membership. There is also one of him on the baseball team but the basketball picture is superior quality. www.ancestry.com/interactive/1265/43134_b183201-00083?pid...

 

When Freeman reported to Miami, Okla. , in 1948, the local newspaper gave his birth year as 1924 but it was actually July 15, 1923

 

The My Life website was still carrying this detail prior to his death. “Guerney Freeman is 90 years old and was born on 7/15/1928. Currently, he lives in Kingsport, TN. Sometimes Guerney goes by various nicknames including Guerney M. Freeman and Guerney G. Freeman.”

______________________________________________________________________________

Death of a loyal reader and former New York Giant minor leaguer

 

Over the past couple of decades there was not a more loyal reader of the KOM league reports than a guy who called himself “Baseball Bill”, “Bill O”, or William O’Donnell.

 

O’Donnell happened on the KOM league news by chance and became what I called “An honorary KOM leaguer.” He was initially attracted to an article found in a KOM League Remembered newsletter about Duane Coots of the 1947 Carthage Cardinals. Coots a Buffalo, New York native later lived in Canandaigua (Shortsville), New York as did O’Donnell.

 

O’Donnell read the early KOM league paper newsletters, most of my books and then stayed on when the Flash Reports began to infest the Internet in late 1990. He loved the KOM league stories for he said they reminded him of the same experiences he had as a young pitcher in the New York Giant chain. His stops along the way were with Oshkosh, Wisc. of the Wisconsin State league in 1953, St. Cloud, Minn. of the Northern league in 1954 and Rock Hill, South Carolina of the Tri-State league in 1955. After a three year absence from the game he played for the Washington Senators Three-I league team at Fox Cities for a brief time in 1958.

 

Many times O’Donnell would make it into these reports for comments he made about the romance and glory of baseball at the mid-point of the 20th century. He was a highly educated gentleman and could make his minor league experiences of long bus rides, low pay and all that goes with it, something that sounded like it was the best time of his life. Oh, yes, he mentioned the young ladies that came to the minor league games and the one that stole his heart and they lived happily ever after, until….

 

This is a note that I received earlier this week from his son, Kevin. “Hi John, We want to notify you that former pitcher William Joseph O'Donnell, from Shortsville NY, passed away on Saturday morning, August 4, 2018, at age 83, in Durham, North Carolina. Obituaries will eventually appear in the Raleigh (NC) News & Observer, the Durham (NC) Herald, The Shortsville-Canandaigua area newspaper (not sure of the name) and the Oshkosh Daily Northwestern (WI). A memorial service is tentatively planned for October 4, 2018, which would have been my father's 84th birthday. I have copied my mother on this email, should you need any further information.”

 

Until the obituary appears that will be the extent of the story about the deceased. I just wanted to let the readership known that “Baseball Bill” has departed the scene but his contributions to the content of the newsletters and Flash Reports were some of the reasons the reminiscing about old time baseball has survived, in this forum, for as long as it has.

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Death of a Bartlesville Pirate pitcher

 

www.geisenfuneralhome.com/memsol.cgi?user_id=2126855

 

Stanley “Squeezer” Pawenski, age 88, of Crown Point, IN, formerly Hammond, IN, passed away Saturday, August 4, 2018.

 

Loving father to daughter: Donna Mosca; sons-in-law: Michael Mosca and Ed Hmurovic. Devoted grandfather to Katie Jo (Peter) Lenzo, Jillian (Michael Burke) Hmurovic, Joshua Mosca, and Daniel Hmurovic. Dear great-grandfather to Joni Lenzo and Mia Mosca. Also survived by many nieces and nephews.

 

Preceded in death by wife: Joan Pawenski (nee Chapman); daughter: Katherine Hmurovic; parents: Peter and Katherine Pawenski; siblings: Jessie Tobias, Casimir “Casey” Pawenski, Charlotte “Lottie” Skorupka, John “Yanks” Pawenski, Virginia “Virgie” Kostyo; and in-laws: Rolland and Vera Chapman.

 

Born into the great depression, Stan's life started out rough but he never let that get in his way. He was a devoted family man who cared deeply and would give the shirt off his back to his family and friends. He was a cook in the United States Air Force during the Korean War and retired from Inland Steel after 39 ½ years as a carpenter; but his true passion was baseball. He played baseball during his time in the Air Force and afterwards was a member of the Pittsburgh farm team. After being told he was “too small” he joined the KOM League and then played many years for the Sam & Henry Indians in East Chicago. He was inducted into the E.C Hall of Fame in 1979 and was always willing to pass on his knowledge and tips to future pitchers!

 

Squeezer also loved to fish and spent many years vacationing in the U.P. of Michigan with his family. He loved playing bingo with his wife Joan, or more like, she loved playing bingo and he happily accompanied her! He loved watching his westerns and cheering on his favorite football team, the Cleveland Browns. Grandpa Squeezer was his favorite title though, and lovingly referred to himself as “Grandpa's Taxi” as he enjoyed taking his grand kids to all their games and practices. Stan will be deeply missed by all but will forever remain in our hearts.

 

Visitation will be held Wednesday, August 8, 2018 at Geisen Funeral Home, 606 E. 113th Ave, Crown Point, IN, from 3:00 PM until the time of the service at 6:00 PM with Rev. Ronald Saatksamp officiating. A private burial will be held at Chapel Lawn Memorial Gardens in Schererville, IN.

 

Stan was a member of Concordia Lutheran Church in Hammond, IN. In lieu of flowers, memorials in his memory would be appreciated in favor of Concordia Lutheran Church, Hospice of the Calumet Area, or Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL.

 

Sign Stanley’s online guestbook and view directions at www.GeisenFuneralHome.com – (219) 663-2500.

 

Ed comments:

 

Born: Christmas Eve 1929 in Hammond, Indiana.

Playing career: Started the spring of 1950 with the Hutchinson, Kans. Elks of the Western Association. He pitched in an exhibition game there on April 9. Within two weeks he was assigned to the Bartlesville roster. He didn’t stay with the Bartlesville club long enough to get into the record books.

 

Stan was a right-handed pitcher who finished the 1950 season in the Chicago Industrial league for the Sam and Henry Indians who were the state champions that year.

 

Also, the obituary stated he played professional baseball after the Korean War. He played prior to entering the service.

 

Here is a blurb from the April 9th edition of the Hutchinson News—that mentions Pawenski

 

Probable Hutchinson starters in batting order were announced Saturday night by (Wes) Griffin as follows Milt Graff, ss; Bob Clark or Tony Smeraglia, 2b; Pete Maropis, cf; Don Erlckson, lf; John Mitchell, rf, Charles McCormick c; Cal Frazer, ss; Harold White lb; Larry Jones, lhp or Gene Bussman, rhp. The lone rookie in the blasting line-up is Harold White, first baseman. He indicated he "belongs" Saturday when he smacked the ball over the fence in one practice swing, and twice banked it off the outfield wall. Hutchinson team officials spent hours in conference with Fred Herring, Pittsburgh farm secretary and Bill Burwell, Pirate scout, Friday night and Saturday, to get the Hutchinson squad within the 24-man season opening limit. Counting against the Hutchinson limit are all players optioned by the Elks. However, players who have been optioned to Hutchinson — Jones by Charleston, S. C.: and Pitcher Dick Sutter by New Or leans, are not counted. Jerry Dahms, catcher and Lou Tond, pitcher, remain on the Bartlesville roster for the time being. Stan Pawenski, pitcher, was optioned to Bartlesville. Gary Thornburg pitcher, was sold to York, Pa. Rookie Harry Gates, pitcher was sold to Salisbury, N. C., Bernie Vogt, catcher, and Mort Richie, pitcher, were sold to Oil City, Pa., an independent club. Robbie Robinson, catcher and Leon Geschan, infielder, were optioned to Mayfield, Ky. Tony Ernst, shortstop, was sold to Harlan, Ky. George Reding, outfielder, was given his outright release.

 

Editorial Comments:

 

Tony Smeraglia, Pete Maropis, Cal Frazer, Harold White, Dick Sutter and Harold White all played for Bartlesville prior to or after the spring of 1950. Jerry Dahms and Lou Tond stayed with Bartlesville that year. Of that group only Maropis, Sutter and Dahms survive. To the best of my knowledge Maropis is the only one of that group who gets this publication. Tony Smeraglia played for Bartlesville in 1947 and by 1950 was with Hutchinson in the spring. He wound up being sent Anniston, Alabama in the Southeastern league He was killed in a car wreck on July 3 of that year near Pell City, Alabama. He was a native of Birmingham, Alabama and I imagine he relished the idea of playing ball closer to home. Here is a big “what if.” What would have his life turned out to be had he remained with Hutchinson for the entire 1950 campaign?

______________________________________________________________________________

That is almost it for the week

 

Quite by accident I came across an article in a September 25th 1976 edition of the Carthage Evening Press. That article mentioned what had happened 40 years ago. One of the items mentioned “Area native Carl Hubbell Blanked Murderer’s Row in series game.” That Murderer’s Row was, of course the New York Yankees.

 

That precipitated this note to my lifelong friend, Corky Simpson, who had a distinguished career in the writing profession and got to know Carl Hubbell quite well when both lived in Arizona. Here is a note I shared with Cork. “Corky, what Hubbell told you in Arizona is once again vindicated. Maybe the official records will be corrected after we are gone. Not likely it will be done while we are still around."

 

Simpson’s reply:

 

Johnny: Thanks for sending that. Don't know if I told you this, but Hub walked with his left arm dangling down, the palm facing out away from his body. It was strange. Also, despite having a very cordial personality, he had a "grumpy" look on his face. One day I asked him, "Hub, you hold your arm like it hurts."

He said, "Hell, it's been hurting for 40 years."

Too many screwballs, I guess.

But he was a great guy. -- Corky

 

Ed comment:

 

Simpson and Yours truly have waged a losing battle with the “experts” who basically maintain Carl Hubbell was born in Carthage. He wasn’t, as much as both Simpson and I wish he had of been. I can verify where the Hubbell family lived, in 1900, Northeast of Carthage in the village of Red Oak and they paid their taxes, on that property, at the Lawrence County Court House in Mt. Vernon, MO before heading off to Cushing, Okla. when Carl was a pup. Carl told Simpson he was too young when leaving Red Oak to even remember it.

 

There are a couple of other bits of information on guys who played in the KOM league and eventually made it to the major leagues that will not be set straight during my lifetime. Cloyd Boyer was not born in Alba, Missouri but in Duval Township, six miles north of there.

 

Another fellow that the official records don’t have entirely correct is R. T. Upright who played for the 1947 Bartlesville, Okla. Oilers. Upright’s full name was Roy Theophilus Upright. He was born May 30, 1926 in Kannapolis, North Carolina and died there on December 12, 1986. You could almost write a song about “Theophilus from Kannapolis.” I’ve done this dance previously, in Flash Reports, but for those who have forgotten, the name of the Biblical Theophilus, meant righteous and upright. See the connection? The former Bartlesville slugger received his middle name from his grandfather. Admittedly, I spent a bit of effort in Upright family genealogy before making that discovery.

 

10-04-1989, Airdrie, AB. Drafted round 1 #14 overall by Carolina Hurricanes 2008. Zachary Boychuk is a Canadian professional ice hockey centre who is currently playing for Berliner Eisbären in the German DEL. He played junior with the Airdrie Xtreme and the UFA Bisons, before he joined the Lethbridge Hurricanes of the Western Hockey League (WHL). Boychuk began his major junior career in 2005–06 with the Lethbridge Hurricanes of the WHL. After recording 51 points in 64 games in his rookie season, he improved to 31 goals and 91 points in 69 games the next season, third overall in the WHL. In Boychuk's draft year, he finished with 33 goals and 72 points, good for WHL East Second All-Star honours. Leading the Hurricanes to the 2008 WHL Finals – he had 21 points in 18 playoff games – Lethbridge was, however, swept by eventual Memorial Cup winners, the Spokane Chiefs. Heading into the 2008 NHL Entry Draft, Boychuk was ranked eighth by the Central Scouting Service among North American skaters. He was chosen fourteenth overall by the Carolina Hurricanes. After attending the Hurricanes' prospect camp in July, he went into surgery for his left wrist, which he had injured during the 2008 WHL playoffs. He was cleared to play during the 2008–09 NHL preseason and on October 4, 2008, the Hurricanes signed him to a three-year, entry level contract. He made his NHL debut against the Los Angeles Kings on October 17, 2008 becoming the first Hurricanes player since Eric Staal in 2003 to make his NHL debut in his draft year. He was returned to Lethbridge after appearing in two NHL games. Upon being sent down, Boychuk completed his fourth season of WHL hockey by registering 57 points (28g, 29a) in 43 regular-season games and leading the team with 13 points (7g, 6a) in 11 playoff contests. He shared the Harry Ingarfield Memorial Award as Lethbridge's team MVP and won the team's plus/minus award. He was an assistant captain for Team Canada in the 2009 U-20 World Junior Championship in Ottawa, his second WJC, and helped Canada win the gold medal for the second straight year. He was reassigned by Carolina from Lethbridge (WHL) to the Albany River Rats on April 10, 2009. At the beginning of the 2009–10 he attended the Carolina Hurricanes training camp. He made his AHL debut with Albany and recorded one assist for his first career professional point at WBS on April 10, 2009. He registered his first NHL goal Saturday February 13, 2010 against the New Jersey Devils. It was the opening goal of the game and scored against goaltender Martin Brodeur at the 16:47 mark of the first period. Assisted by Brandon Sutter, and Brett Carson. On December 29, 2010 he had his first multi-goal NHL game, with two goals, against the Ottawa Senators. During the shortened 2012–13 season, on January 31, 2013 he was claimed off waivers from the Hurricanes by the Pittsburgh Penguins. In going scoreless in seven games with the Penguins, he was again placed on waivers and subsequently claimed by the Nashville Predators on March 5, 2013. On March 21, 2013 he was re-claimed by the Hurricanes on waivers. On December 6, 2013, after starting the season in the AHL, Boychuk was recalled by the Hurricanes after an injury to veteran defenseman Mike Komisarek. On July 7, 2015, Boychuk continued his tenure with the Hurricanes in signing a one-year, two-way contract with the club. In the 2015–16 season, Boychuk was directly assigned to the AHL with the Checkers. Boychuk was unable to assert the impact from previous seasons with the Checkers and after producing 25 points in 56 games he was loaned by the Hurricanes to the Bakersfield Condors, an affiliate to the Edmonton Oilers in exchange for Andrew Miller on March 7, 2016. As a free agent at the expiration of his NHL contract with the Hurricanes, on September 8, 2016, Boychuk agreed to a professional try-out contract from the Arizona Coyotes to attend their training camp. After NHL, he agreed to his first contract abroad, playing in the Russian-based KHL, one season for Sibir Novosibirsk followed by a season tenure with Slovakian entrant, HC Slovan Bratislava. On June 1, 2018, Boychuk joined his third KHL club in as many seasons, agreeing to a one-year deal with Russian club, Severstal Cherepovets. In the ensuing 2018–19 season, Boychuk struggled to find his place with Severstal, posting just 4 points in 25 games. On November 19, 2018, he left the KHL and signed for the remainder of the season with Swiss club, SC Bern of the National League. On December 27, 2019, Boychuk joined HC Fribourg-Gottéron of the National League (NL) for the remainder of the 2019-20 season as a replacement for injured David Desharnais. Boychuk hired with Eisbären Berlin, a team playing in the German DEL for the 2020/21 season.

 

www.eliteprospects.com/player/11057/zach-boychuk

 

Georges-Pierre Seurat (2 December 1859 – 29 March 1891) was a French Post-Impressionist painter and draftsman. He is noted for his innovative use of drawing media and for devising the painting techniques known as chromoluminarism and pointillism. His large-scale work, A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte (1884–1886), altered the direction of modern art by initiating Neo-impressionism, and is one of the icons of late 19th-century painting.

Seurat was born 2 December 1859 in Paris, at 60 Rue de Bondy (now rue René Boulanger). The Seurat family moved to 136 Boulevard de Magenta (now 110 Boulevard de Magenta) in 1862 or 1863. His father, Antoine Chrysostome Seurat, originally from Champagne, was a former legal official who had become wealthy from speculating in property, and his mother, Ernestine Faivre, was from Paris. Georges had a brother, Émile Augustin, and a sister, Marie-Berthe, both older. His father lived in Le Raincy and visited his wife and children once a week at Boulevard de Magenta.

Georges Seurat first studied art at the Ecole Municipale de Sculpture et Dessin, near his family's home in the boulevard Magenta, which was run by the sculptor Justin Lequien. In 1878 he moved on to the École des Beaux-Arts where he was taught by Henri Lehmann, and followed a conventional academic training, drawing from casts of antique sculpture and copying drawings by old masters.Seurat's studies resulted in a well-considered and fertile theory of contrasts: a theory to which all his work was thereafter subjected. His formal artistic education came to an end in November 1879, when he left the École des Beaux-Arts for a year of military service.

After a year at the Brest Military Academy, he returned to Paris where he shared a studio with his friend Aman-Jean, while also renting a small apartment at 16 rue de Chabrol. For the next two years, he worked at mastering the art of monochrome drawing. His first exhibited work, shown at the Salon, of 1883, was a Conté crayon drawing of Aman-Jean. He also studied the works of Delacroix carefully, making notes on his use of color.

He spent 1883 working on his first major painting—a large canvas titled 'Bathers at Asnières', a monumental work showing young men relaxing by the Seine in a working-class suburb of Paris. Although influenced in its use of color and light tone by Impressionism, the painting with its smooth, simplified textures and carefully outlined, rather sculptural figures, shows the continuing impact of his neoclassical training; the critic Paul Alexis described it as a "faux Puvis de Chavannes". Seurat also departed from the Impressionist ideal by preparing for the work with a number of drawings and oil sketches before starting on the canvas in his studio.

'Bathers at Asnières' was rejected by the Paris Salon, and instead he showed it at the Groupe des Artistes Indépendants in May 1884. Soon, however, disillusioned by the poor organisation of the Indépendants, Seurat and some other artists he had met through the group – including Charles Angrand, Henri-Edmond Cross, Albert Dubois-Pillet and Paul Signac – set up a new organisation, the Société des Artistes Indépendants. Seurat's new ideas on pointillism were to have an especially strong influence on Signac, who subsequently painted in the same idiom.

In the summer of 1884, Seurat began work on 'A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte', which took him two years to complete.

The painting shows members of each of the social classes participating in various park activities. The tiny juxtaposed dots of multicolored paint allow the viewer's eye to blend colors optically, rather than having the colors physically blended on the canvas. It took Seurat two years to complete this 10-foot-wide (3.0 m) painting, much of which he spent in the park sketching in preparation for the work (there are about 60 studies). It is now in the permanent collection of the Art Institute of Chicago.

Seurat made several studies for the large painting including a smaller version, Study for A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte (1884–1885), now in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, in New York City. The painting was the inspiration for Stephen Sondheim's musical, Sunday in the Park with George.

Seurat concealed his relationship with Madeleine Knobloch (or Madeleine Knoblock, 1868–1903), an artist's model whom he portrayed in his painting "Jeune femme se poudrant". In 1889 she moved in with Seurat in his studio on the 7th floor of 128bis Boulevard de Clichy.

When Madeleine became pregnant, the couple moved to a studio at 39 Passage de l'Élysée-des-Beaux-Arts (now rue André Antoine). There she gave birth to their son, who was named Pierre-Georges, 16 February 1890.

Seurat spent the summer of 1890 on the coast at Gravelines, where he painted four canvases including 'The Channel of Gravelines', 'Petit Fort Philippe', as well as eight oil panels and made a few drawings.

Seurat died in Paris in his parents home on 29 March 1891 at the age of 31. The cause of his death is uncertain, and has been variously attributed to a form of meningitis, pneumonia, infectious angina, and diphtheria. His son died two weeks later from the same disease. His last ambitious work, The Circus, was left unfinished at the time of his death. 30 March 1891 a commemorative service was held in the church of Saint-Vincent-de-Paul. Seurat was interred 31 March 1891 at Cimetière du Père-Lachaise. At the time of Seurat's death Madeleine was pregnant with a second child who died during or shortly after birth.

During the 19th century, scientist-writers such as Michel Eugène Chevreul, Ogden Rood and David Sutter wrote treatises on color, optical effects and perception. They adapted the scientific research of Hermann von Helmholtz and Isaac Newton into a form accessible to laypeople. Artists followed new discoveries in perception with great interest.

Chevreul was perhaps the most important influence on artists at the time; his great contribution was producing a color wheel of primary and intermediary hues. Chevreul was a French chemist who restored tapestries. During his restorations he noticed that the only way to restore a section properly was to take into account the influence of the colors around the missing wool ; he could not produce the right hue unless he recognized the surrounding dyes. Chevreul discovered that two colors juxtaposed, slightly overlapping or very close together, would have the effect of another color when seen from a distance. The discovery of this phenomenon became the basis for the pointillist technique of the Neo-impressionist painters.

Chevreul also realized that the 'halo' that one sees after looking at a color is the opposing color (also known as complementary color). For example: After looking at a red object, one may see a cyan echo/halo of the original object. This complementary color (as an example, cyan for red) is due to retinal persistence. Neoimpressionist painters interested in the interplay of colors made extensive use of complementary colors in their paintings. In his works, Chevreul advised artists to think and paint not just the color of the central object, but to add colors and make appropriate adjustments to achieve a harmony among colors. It seems that the harmony Chevreul wrote about is what Seurat came to call "emotion".

It is not clear whether Seurat read all of Chevreul's book on colour contrast, published in 1859, but he did copy out several paragraphs from the chapter on painting, and he had read Charles Blanc's 'Grammaire des arts du dessin' (1867), which cites Chevreul's work. Blanc's book was directed at artists and art connoisseurs. Because of color's emotional significance to him, he made explicit recommendations that were close to the theories later adopted by the Neoimpressionists. He said that color should not be based on the "judgment of taste", but rather it should be close to what we experience in reality. Blanc did not want artists to use equal intensities of color, but to consciously plan and understand the role of each hue in creating a whole.

While Chevreul based his theories on Newton's thoughts on the mixing of light, Ogden Rood based his writings on the work of Helmholtz. He analyzed the effects of mixing and juxtaposing material pigments. Rood valued as primary colors red, green, and blue-violet. Like Chevreul, he said that if two colors are placed next to each other, from a distance they look like a third distinctive color. He also pointed out that the juxtaposition of primary hues next to each other would create a far more intense and pleasing color, when perceived by the eye and mind, than the corresponding color made simply by mixing paint. Rood advised artists to be aware of the difference between additive and subtractive qualities of color, since material pigments and optical pigments (light) do not mix in the same way:

 

Material pigments: Red + Yellow + Blue = Black

Optical / Light : Red + Green + Blue = White

 

Seurat was also influenced by Sutter's 'Phenomena of Vision' (1880), in which he wrote that "the laws of harmony can be learned as one learns the laws of harmony and music". He heard lectures in the 1880s by the mathematician Charles Henry at the Sorbonne, who discussed the emotional properties and symbolic meaning of lines and color. Henry's ideas were quickly adopted by Seurat.

Seurat took to heart the color theorists' notion of a scientific approach to painting. He believed that a painter could use color to create harmony and emotion in art in the same way that a musician uses counterpoint and variation to create harmony in music. He theorized that the scientific application of color was like any other natural law, and he was driven to prove this conjecture. He thought that the knowledge of perception and optical laws could be used to create a new language of art based on its own set of heuristics and he set out to show this language using lines, color intensity and color schema. Seurat called this language Chromoluminarism.

In a letter to Maurice Beaubourg in 1890 he wrote "Art is Harmony. Harmony is the analogy of the contrary and of similar elements of tone, of color and of line, considered according to their dominance and under the influence of light, in gay, calm or sad combinations".

Seurat's theories can be summarized as follows: The emotion of gaiety can be achieved by the domination of luminous hues, by the predominance of warm colors, and by the use of lines directed upward. Calm is achieved through an equivalence/balance of the use of the light and the dark, by the balance of warm and cold colors, and by lines that are horizontal. Sadness is achieved by using dark and cold colors and by lines pointing downward.

Where the dialectic nature of Paul Cézanne's work had been greatly influential during the highly expressionistic phase of proto-Cubism, between 1908 and 1910, the work of Seurat, with its flatter, more linear structures, would capture the attention of the Cubists from 1911.

"With the advent of monochromatic Cubism in 1910-1911," writes art historian Robert Herbert, "questions of form displaced color in the artists' attention, and for these Seurat was more relevant. Thanks to several exhibitions, his paintings and drawings were easily seen in Paris, and reproductions of his major compositions circulated widely among the Cubists. The Chahut [Rijksmuseum Kröller-Müller, Otterlo] was called by André Salmon "one of the great icons of the new devotion", and both it and the Cirque (Circus), Musée d'Orsay, Paris, according to Guillaume Apollinaire, "almost belong to Synthetic Cubism".

The concept was well established among the French artists that painting could be expressed mathematically, in terms of both color and form; and this mathematical expression resulted in an independent and compelling 'objective truth,' perhaps more so than the objective truth of the object represented.

Indeed, the Neo-Impressionists had succeeded in establishing an objective scientific basis in the domain of color (Seurat addresses both problems in Circus and Dancers). Soon, the Cubists were to do so in both the domain of form and dynamics, Orphism would do so with color too. (Wikipedia).

----

See also: My Flickr-album: Seurat (1859 - 1891), an inspiration

by quadralectics.

Inspiration by recognition. Pen drawings by Marten Kuilman after examples of Seurat and some other illustrations.

 

Dear Peter:

 

Although we missed your lunch suggestions, we thank you for your interest in

our Art Director position at Sugar Publishing. You are among many

interested and qualified applicants for the job.

 

Just as we¹ve asked our editorial and video producer candidates to submit

writing samples and concept videos, respectively, we are asking candidates

interested in our Art Director position to complete an assignment. The

purpose is to not only assess the breadth and depth of your skills and

capabilities, but also to get a sense of your creative style.

 

Background:

* Your goal is to produce compelling creative assets that both highlight and

leverage the content and editorial of the Sugar Publishing Network to keep

our readers and viewers engaged

* The Sugar Publishing Network currently has 4 sites (and we¹re launching 4

more in the near future: BuzzSugar, FitSugar, GeekSugar, GiggleSugar):

> * PopSugar.com (celebrity gossip ­ entertainment news)

> * FabSugar.com (fashion)

> * DearSugar.com (advice)

> * TeamSugar.com (community)

* Our demographics (your audience):

> * Over 87% are between the ages of 18 and 35

> * Over 95% are female

> * Over 48% have an annual family income over $75k

> * Over 68% have a college education

> * 36% spend 20+ hours a week online

> * 26% have children in the household

 

Assignment:

1. Redesign TeamSugar.com homepage

> * Use existing TeamSugar.com content to create a layout that:

>> * Maximizes usability through design and organization of content (text,

>> images, banner ads, etc.)

>> * Makes most efficient use of space

> * Photoshop submissions are adequate

2. Design 3 banner ads

> * Ads should promote our new site, BuzzSugar.com, which is to ³Entertainment

> Weekly² what PopSugar.com is to ³Us Weekly²

>> * Content on site will cover tv, movies, books, music, etc.

>> * Features will include:

>>> * What to Tivo

>>> * What to Netflix

>>> * What do download, MP3s of the day

>>> * CD reviews

>>> * Coming attractions/embedded video trailers

>>> * Chick lit and other book reviews

>>> * TV/Movie/Music industry news

> * Creative units include:

>> * 728x90 Leaderboard

>> * 160x600 Wide Skyscraper

>> * 300x250 Medium Rectangle

> * Ads can be one of each size or any combination of the 3

> * Flash is preferred, so if you have those skills, please flex them.

> Otherwise, animated .gif or static images are okay, too.

3. Dress Fab

> * Each site has a unique personality (e.g., Pop, Fab, Dear, etc.) - please see

> the sites.

> * From time to time, advertising and marketing partners will commission us to

> dress the girls in their clothes (for example head-to-toe in Banana Republic

> or Gap)

> * Download this zip file which contains the two files you¹ll need at

> www.sugarpublishing.com/uploads/SugarPubArtDirector.zip

>> * Photoshop file of FabSugar

>> * Image of Gap outfit

> * Please dress FabSugar in the Gap outfit.

>> * Fab¹s pose will remain the same

>> * Fab¹s clothing, accessories, etc. should be changed to match the outfit

 

After creating your submissions, please ask yourself:

* Do I share the same passion for the content as the rest of the Sugar

Publishing team?

* Was this fun?

* Could I do this every day and deliver stylish and compelling creative

assets to highlight our addictive editorial and user-created content, drive

traffic, and resonate with our readers?

 

If you can answer yes to the above, then by all means, please submit your

best effort. If not, please reconsider your interest in joining our team.

 

Please submit your creative assets directly to me by Monday, October 30th

(end of day):

* Via e-mail (if < 20MB attachments)

* Post them online and send me the link

* In electronic format via regular mail to Sugar Publishing Inc., One Sutter

Street, 6th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94104, ATTN: Jason Rhee

 

PLEASE NOTE: All creative submissions become the property of Sugar

Publishing Inc. and will not be returned. Sugar Publishing Inc., however,

will not publish your art without permission from you.

 

We look forward to seeing your work. Please e-mail or call me with any

questions. Good luck!

 

Best regards,

Jason

 

--

Jason Rhee

VP Marketing

Sugar Publishing Inc.

jason@sugarpublishing.com

415-601-6373 (Mobile)

 

From: Peter Weiss

Reply-To: Peter Weiss

Date: Thu, 26 Oct 2006 16:23:53 -0700

To: ^Jobs

Conversation: Art Director (financial district)

Subject: Art Director (financial district)

 

Peter Weiss

peterweiss@gmail.com

www.360dvd.com 2741 College Avenue

Berkeley, CA 94705

510-689-3394

 

Multi-Media Publishing Objective Currently I am focused on how to

agnostically deliver online interactive video, photo, audio content in the

form of flash and java multimedia deployed and automatically published

within the web 2.0 online community with the use of creative deployment and

delivery methods across a variety of platforms including Blogs, Wikis, RSS

feeds, and Social Networking Portals.

 

TECHNOLOGY W2k XP XPe MAC UNIX Linux c++ java scripts php pearl web 2.0

html dhtml actionscripts SOFTWARE TMPGEnc VFAPI DVD2AVI Xilisoft Squeeze

4.2 Cleaner XL Windows Media Flash Dreamweaver Fireworks Photoshop

PageMaker Filemaker Visio Real Player QuickTime Vegas Video Virtual Dub

Premiere Pro Fraps Camtasia Sonic DVDit QuickBooks VNC Snag it Skype

Smart FTP NetDrive HARDWARE DV, NLE, 1394 Audio Mics Cables Connectors

Firewire 1394 Osprey video 16ch. DVR Card VOIP Routers Network hubs

Switchers PC Hardware JustPLAYS.com - September 2003 ­ August 2006

Interactive Multi-Media Consultant ~ In development of a mobile phone

video, photo, audio content management publishing system ~ Managed a team

of programmers, actionscripters, database engineers, and web developers

~ Designed and produced interactive flash video players, playlist, and hot

spot integration ~ Custom developed a online 400+ CCTV camera network for

Bay Area McDonalds Restaurants ~ Maintain technical documents, created

screencast tutorials, tech support via web & phone Rooster Media

³Emuzed, Inc.² September 2001-August 2003 Director of Media Services

~ Reduced video production equipment and accessories expenses by 50% to 80%

~ Created E-Learning Video Application for Sun Microsystems, UC Berkeley

Medical and Kaiser ~ Technically produced Live Webcast using Windows

Media using Speedera Networks ~ Custom built Video Capture and Optibase

MPEG I encoding lab for Wal-Mart Game Previews ~ Launched a successful

video Windows Media DRM campaign with RocketCASH & Sprite ~ Researched,

wrote and designed DVD Encoding & Internet Video whitepapers & diagrams

MyPrimeTime, Inc. November 1999 - January 2001 Director of Broadband

Technology ~ Managed by three former CNN executives ~ Invented ³patent

pending² a Broadband Digital Asset Management Infrastructure ~ Managed

Web Developers and Programmers using HTML, XML, C, C++, Java and FLASH ~

Coordinated Broadband Projects with Sales, Marketing, IT, and Web

Development Department ~ Videotaped and edited Television Shows for

Nightly Business Report and for the Web ~ Maintained Relationships with

Excite@Home, NBCi, NBR and PBS Affiliate Television Stations NASA Ames

Research Center ³Symtech Corporation² August 1998 ­ September 1999

Astrobiology Internet Video Producer ~ Produced, Videotaped and Edited a

series of Educational Astrobiology Videos ~ Configured Macintosh G3

computer with video editing compression software description ~ Optimized

Real Producer Plus to Stream Video at 28k, 56k and 100k Bit Rates PAST

EXPERIENCE & PROJECTS ~Technical Director for the San Francisco

International Fashion Show in 2005 ~Consulted with D1Athlethes.com on

interactive video backend platform on 2004 ~Guest speaker at DVExpo in

2001 and at StreamingMedia in 2002 ~Invented a Patent Pending DAM

Streaming Video Process in 2001 ~Recieved Television Certification at

Diablo Valley College in 1991 ~Video Production, DVD Authoring, Desktop

Publishing, since 1987 ~Won 1st Grade Art Contest titled "Creature Land"

in 1981 Online Portfolios

photobot.vieweye.net

whitepaper.vieweye.net Justplays.com

 

phoneit.vieweye.net sony.vieweye.net

peterweiss.info

gif20.vieweye.net myspace.vieweye.net

 

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

Copyright 1906 by Tom M. Phillips.

 

VIEW FROM CALIFORNIA STREET.

 

The Call Building also shown in background.

 

The work of burying the dead was begun Friday for the first time. Out at the Presidio soldiers pressed into service all men who came near and forced them to labor at burying the dead. So thick were the corpses piled up that they were becoming a menace, and early in the day the order was issued to bury them at any cost. The soldiers were needed for other work, so, at the point of rifles, the citizens were compelled to take the work of burying. Some objected at first, but the troops stood no trifling, and every man who came in reach was forced to work at least one hour. Rich men who had never done such work labored by the side of the workingmen digging trenches in the sand for the sepulcher of those who fell in the awful calamity. At the present [Pg 67]writing many still remain unburied and the soldiers are still pressing men into service.

 

The Folsom street dock was turned into a temporary hospital, the harbor hospital being unable to accommodate all the injured who were brought there.

 

About 100 patients were stretched on the dock at one time. In the evening tugs conveyed them to Goat Island, where they were lodged in the hospital. The docks from Howard street to Folsom street had been saved, and the fire at this point was not permitted to creep farther east than Main street.

 

The work of clearing up the wrecked city has already begun at the water front in the business section of the town. A force of 100 men were employed under the direction of the street department clearing up the debris and putting the streets in proper condition.

 

It was impossible to secure a vehicle except at extortionate prices. One merchant engaged a teamster and horse and wagon, agreeing to pay $50 an hour. Charges of $20 for carrying trunks a few blocks were common. The police and military seized teams wherever they required them, their wishes being enforced at revolver point if the owner proved indisposed to comply with the demands.

 

Up and down the broad avenues of the parks the troops patrolled, keeping order. This was difficult at times, for the second hysterical stage had succeeded the paralysis of the first day and people were doing strange things. A man, running half naked, tearing at his clothes, and crying, “The end of all things has come!” was caught by the soldiers and placed under arrest.

 

Under a tree on the broad lawn of the children’s playground a baby was born. By good luck there was a doctor there, and the women helped out, so that the mother appeared to be safe. They carried her later to the children’s building in the park and did their best to make her comfortable.

 

All night wagons mounted with barrels and guarded by [Pg 68]soldiers drove through the park doling out water. There was always a crush about these wagons and but one drink was allowed to a person.

 

Separate supplies were sent to the sick in the tents. The troops allowed no camp fires, fearing that the trees of the park might catch and drive the people out of this refuge to the open and windswept sands by the ocean.

 

The wind which had saved the heights came cold across the park, driving a damp fog, and for those who had no blankets it was a terrible night, for many of them were exhausted and must sleep, even in the cold. They threw themselves down in the wet grass and fell asleep.

 

When the morning came the people even prepared to make the camp permanent. An ingenious man hung up before his little blanket shelter a sign on a stick giving his name and address before the fire wiped him out. This became a fashion, and it was taken to mean that the space was preempted.

 

Toward midnight a black, staggering body of men began to weave through the entrance. They were volunteer fire fighters, looking for a place to throw themselves down and sleep. These men dropped out all along the line and were rolled out of the driveways by the troops.

 

There was much splendid unselfishness there. Women gave up their blankets and sat up or walked about all night to cover exhausted men who had fought fire until there was no more fight in them.

 

[Pg 69]

 

CHAPTER IV.

TWENTY SQUARE MILES OF WRECK AND RUIN.

Fierce Battle to Save the Famous Ferry Station, the Chief Inlet to and Egress from San Francisco—Fire Tugs and Vessels in the Bay Aid in Heroic Fight—Fort Mason, General Funston’s Temporary Headquarters, has Narrow Escape—A Survey of the Scene of Desolation.

 

WHEN darkness fell over the desolate city at the end of the fourth day of terror, the heroic men who had borne the burden of the fight with the flames breathed their first sigh of relief, for what remained of the proud metropolis of the Pacific coast was safe.

 

This was but a semi-circular fringe, however, for San Francisco was a city desolate with twenty square miles of its best area in ashes. In that blackened territory lay the ruins of sixty thousand buildings, once worth many millions of dollars and containing many millions more.

 

The fourth and last day of the world’s greatest conflagration had been one of dire calamity and in some respects was the most spectacular of all. On the evening of the third day (Friday) a gale swept over the city from the west, fanned the glowing embers into fierce flames and again started them upon a path of terrible destruction.

 

The fire which had practically burnt itself out north of Telegraph Hill was revived by the wind and bursting into a blaze crept toward the East, threatening the destruction of the entire water front, including the Union ferry depot, the only means of egress from the devastated city.

 

[Pg 70]The weary firemen still at work in other quarters of the city were hastily summoned to combat the new danger. Hundreds of sailors from United States warships and hundreds of soldiers joined in the battle, and from midnight until dawn men fought fire as never fire had been fought before. Fire tugs drew up along the water front and threw immense streams of water on to the flames of burning factories, warehouses and sheds.

 

Blocks of buildings were blown up with powder, guncotton, and dynamite, or torn down by men armed with axes and ropes. All night long the struggle continued. Mayor Schmitz and Chief of Police Dinan, although without sleep for forty-eight hours, remained on the scene all night to assist army and navy officers in directing the fight.

 

At 7 o’clock Saturday morning, April 21, the battle was won. At that hour the fire was burning grain sheds on the water front about half a mile north of the Ferry station, but was confined to a comparatively small area, and with the work of the fireboats on the bay and the firemen on shore, who were using salt water pumped from the bay, prevented the flames from reaching the Ferry building and the docks in that immediate vicinity.

 

On the north beach the fire did not reach that part of the water front lying west of the foot of Powell street. The fire on the water front was the only one burning. The entire western addition to the city lying west of Van Ness avenue, which escaped the sweep of flame on Friday, was absolutely safe.

 

Forty carloads of supplies, which had been run upon the belt line tracks near one of the burned wharves, were destroyed during the night.

 

A survey of the water front Saturday morning showed that everything except four docks had been swept clean from Fisherman’s wharf, at the foot of Powell street, to a point around westerly, almost to the Ferry building.

 

This means that nearly a mile of grain sheds, docks and wharves were added to the general destruction. In the section [Pg 71]north of Market street the ruined district was practically bounded on the west by Van Ness avenue, although in many blocks the flames destroyed squares to the west of that thoroughfare. The Van Ness avenue burned line runs northerly to Greenwich street, which is a few blocks from the bay. Then the boundary was up over Telegraph Hill and down to that portion of the shore that faces Oakland. Practically everything included between Market, Van Ness avenue, Greenwich, and the bay was in ashes.

 

On the east side of Hyde street hill the fire burned down to Bay street and Montgomery avenue and stopped at that intersection.

 

Fort Mason was saved only by the most strenuous efforts of soldiers and firemen. It stands just north of the edge of the burned district, the flames having been checked only three blocks away at Greenwich street.

 

All south of Market street except in the vicinity of the Pacific Mail dock, was gone. This section is bounded on the north by Market street and runs out to Guerrero street, goes out that street two blocks, turns west to Dolores, runs west six blocks to about Twenty-second, taking in four blocks on the other side of Dolores. The fire then took an irregular course southward, spreading out as far as Twenty-fifth street and went down that way to the southerly bay shore.

 

Maj. C. A. Devol, depot quartermaster and superintendent of the transport service, graphically described the conquering of the fire on the water front, in which he played an important part:

 

“This fire, which ate its way down to the water front early Friday afternoon, was the climax of the whole situation.

 

“We realized at once that were the water front to go, San Francisco would be shut off from the world, thus paralyzing all transportation faculties for bringing in food and water to the thousands of refugees huddled on the hillsides from Fort Mason to Golden Gate Park. It would have been impossible to either [Pg 72]come in or go out of the city save by row boats and floats, or by the blocked passage overland southward.

 

“This all-important section of the city first broke into flames in a hollow near Meiggs wharf, about 2 o’clock in the afternoon. The tugs of our service were all busy transporting provisions from Oakland, but the gravity of the situation made it necessary for all of them to turn to fire-fighting.

 

“The flames ate down into the extensive lumber district, but had not caught the dock line. Behind the dock, adjacent to the Spreckels sugar warehouse and wharf, were hundreds of freight cars. Had these been allowed to catch fire, the flames would have swept down the entire water front to South San Francisco.

 

“The climax came at Pier No. 9, and it was here that all energies were focused. A large tug from Mare Island, two fire patrol boats, the Spreckels tugs and ten or twelve more, had lines of hose laid into the heart of the roaring furnace and were pumping from the bay to the limit of their capacities.

 

“About 5 o’clock I was told that the tugs were just about holding their own and that more help would be needed. The Slocum and the McDowell were at once ordered to the spot. I was on board the former and at one time the heat of the fire was so great that it was necessary to play minor streams on the cabin and sides of the vessel to keep it from taking fire. We were in a slip surrounded by flames.

 

“Our lines of hose once laid to the dockage, we found willing hands of volunteers waiting to carry the hose forward. I saw pale, hungry men, who probably had not slept for two days, hang on to the nozzle and play the stream until they fell from exhaustion. Others took their places and only with a very few exceptions was it necessary to use force to command the assistance of citizens or onlookers.

 

“All night the flames raged through the lumber district, and the fire reached its worst about 3:30 o’clock Saturday morning. Daylight found it under control.”

 

[Pg 73]All that was left of the proud Argonaut city was like a Crescent moon set about a black disk of shadow. A Saharan desolation of blackened, ash covered, twisted debris was all that remained of three-fifths of the city that four days ago stood like a sentinel in glittering, jeweled armor, guarding the Golden Gate to the Pacific.

 

Men who had numbered their fortunes in the tens of thousands camped on the ruins of their homes, eating as primitive men ate—gnawing; thinking as primitive men thought. Ashes and the dull pain of despair were their portions. They did not have the volition to help themselves, childlike as the men of the stone age, they awaited quiescent what the next hour might bring them.

 

Fear they had none, because they had known the shape of fear for forty-eight hours and to them it had no more terrors. Men overworked to the breaking point and women unnerved by hysteria dropped down on the cooling ashes and slept where they lay, for had they not seen the tall steel skyscrapers burn like a torch? Had they not beheld the cataracts of flame fleeting unhindered up the broad avenues, and over the solid blocks of the city?

 

Fire had become a commonplace. Fear of fire had been blunted by their terrible suffering, and although the soldiers roused the sleepers and warned them against possible approaching flames, they would only yawn, wrap their blanket about them and stolidly move on to find some other place where they might drop and again slumber like men dead.

 

As the work of clearing away the debris progressed it was found that an overwhelming portion of the fatalities occurred in the cheap rooming house section of the city, where the frail hotels were crowded at the time of the catastrophe.

 

In one of these hotels alone, the five-story Brunswick rooming-house at Sixth and Howard streets, it is believed that 300 people perished. The building had 300 rooms filled with guests. It [Pg 74]collapsed to the ground entirely and fire started amidst the ruins scarcely five minutes later.

 

South of Market street, where the loss of life was greatest, was located many cheap and crowded lodging houses. Among others the caving in of the Royal, corner Fourth and Minna streets, added to the horror of the situation by the shrieks of its many scores of victims imbedded in the ruins.

 

The collapsing of the Porter House on Sixth street, between Mission and Market, came about in a similar manner. Fully sixty persons were entombed midst the crash. Many of these were saved before the fire eventually crept to the scene.

 

Part of the large Cosmopolitan House, corner Fifth and Mission streets, collapsed at the very first tremble. Many of the sleepers were buried in the ruins; other escaped in their night clothes.

 

At 775 Mission street the Wilson House, with its four stories and eighty rooms, fell to the ground a mass of ruins. As far as known very few of the inmates were rescued.

 

The Denver House on lower Third street, with its many rooms, shared the same fate and none may ever know how many were killed, the majority of the inmates being strangers.

 

A small two-story frame building occupied by a man and wife at 405 Jessie street collapsed without an instant’s warning. Both were killed.

 

To the north of Market street the rooming-house people fared somewhat better. The Luxemburg, corner of Stockton and O’Farrell streets, a three-story affair, suffered severely from the falling of many tons of brick from an adjoining building. The falling mass crashed through the building, killing a man and woman.

 

At the Sutter street Turkish baths a brick chimney toppled over and crashing through the roof killed one of the occupants as he lay on a cot. Another close by, lying on another cot, escaped.

 

[Pg 75]

 

cssfh26

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach

View a VR 180 walk through tour of this aircraft on my YouTube channel here:

youtu.be/LTy5CzrqZ0Q?feature=shared

 

Boeing 747-451

US Registration N661US

 

The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet 2+1⁄2 times its size, to reduce its seat cost by 30%. In 1965, Joe Sutter left the 737 development program to design the 747. In April 1966, Pan Am ordered 25 Boeing 747-100 aircraft, and in late 1966, Pratt & Whitney agreed to develop the JT9D engine, a high-bypass turbofan. On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the custom-built Everett Plant, the world's largest building by volume. The first flight took place on February 9, 1969, and the 747 was certified in December of that year. It entered service with Pan Am on January 22, 1970. The 747 was the first airplane called a "Jumbo Jet" as the first wide-body airliner.

 

The 747 is a four-engined jet aircraft, initially powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D turbofan engines, then General Electric CF6 and Rolls-Royce RB211 engines for the original variants. With a ten-abreast economy seating, it typically accommodates 366 passengers in three travel classes. It has a pronounced 37.5° wing sweep, allowing a Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 900 km/h) cruise speed, and its heavy weight is supported by four main landing gear legs, each with a four-wheel bogie. The partial double-deck aircraft was designed with a raised cockpit so it could be converted to a freighter airplane by installing a front cargo door, as it was initially thought that it would eventually be superseded by supersonic transports.

 

In 1985, development of the longer range 747-400 began.[85] The variant had a new glass cockpit, which allowed for a cockpit crew of two instead of three,[86] new engines, lighter construction materials, and a redesigned interior. Development costs soared, and production delays occurred as new technologies were incorporated at the request of airlines. Insufficient workforce experience and reliance on overtime contributed to early production problems on the 747-400.[14] The -400 entered service in 1989.

 

This aircraft:

 

23719/696 – 747-451 registration N661US at the Delta Flight Museum, Atlanta, Georgia, US. This particular plane was the first 747-400 in service, as well as the prototype.

 

From Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_747

 

Photo by Eric Friedebach